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Tablestore:Term query

Last Updated:Aug 05, 2024

You can use a term query to query data that exactly matches the specified value of a field. Term queries are similar to queries based on string match conditions. If the type of the column is TEXT, Tablestore tokenizes the string and uses the tokens to match the keyword. A row meets the query conditions when at least one of the tokens in the row exactly matches the keyword. The keyword that is used to match the value of the column is not tokenized.

API operations

You can call the Search or ParallelScan operation and set the query type to TermQuery to perform a term query.

Parameters

Parameter

Description

query

The type of the query. Set this parameter to TermQuery.

fieldName

The name of the column that you want to query.

term

The keyword that is used to match the value of the column when you perform a term query. This word is not tokenized. Instead, the entire word is used to match the column value.

If the type of the column is TEXT, Tablestore tokenizes the string and uses the tokens to match the keyword. A row meets the query conditions when at least one of the tokens in the row exactly matches the keyword. For example, if the value of a column of the TEXT type in a row is "tablestore is cool", the value can be tokenized into "tablestore", "is", and "cool". The row meets the query conditions if you specify "tablestore", "is", or "cool" as the keyword to match the value of the column.

getTotalCount

Specifies whether to return the total number of rows that meet the query conditions. The default value of this parameter is false, which specifies that the total number of rows that meet the query conditions is not returned.

If you set this parameter to true, the query performance is compromised.

weight

The weight that you want to assign to the column that you want to query to calculate the BM25-based keyword relevance score. This parameter is used in full-text search scenarios. If you specify a higher weight for the column that you want to query, the BM25-based keyword relevance score is higher for the row. The value of this parameter is a positive floating point number.

This parameter does not affect the number of rows that are returned. However, this parameter affects the BM25-based keyword relevance scores of the query results.

tableName

The name of the data table.

indexName

The name of the search index.

columnsToGet

Specifies whether to return all columns of each row that meets the query conditions. You can specify the returnAll and columns fields for this parameter.

The default value of the returnAll field is false, which indicates that not all columns are returned. In this case, you can use the columns field to specify the columns that you want to return. If you do not specify the columns that you want to return, only the primary key columns are returned.

If you set the returnAll field to true, all columns are returned.

Methods

You can use the Tablestore console, the Tablestore CLI, or Tablestore SDKs to perform match queries. Before you perform an exact query, make sure that the following preparations are made:

Use the Tablestore console

  1. Go to the Indexes tab.

    1. Log on to the Tablestore console.

    2. In the top navigation bar, select a resource group and a region.

    3. On the Overview page, click the name of the instance that you want to manage or click Manage Instance in the Actions column of the instance.

    4. On the Tables tab of the Instance Details tab, click the name of the data table or click Indexes in the Actions column of the data table.

  2. On the Indexes tab, find the search index that you want to use to query data and click Manage Data in the Actions column.

  3. In the Search dialog box, configure query parameters.

    1. By default, the system returns all attribute columns. To return specific attribute columns, turn off All Columns and specify the attribute columns that you want to return. Separate multiple attribute columns with commas (,).

      Note

      By default, the system returns all primary key columns of the data table.

    2. Select the And, Or, or Not logical operator based on your business requirements.

      If you select the And logical operator, data that meets the query conditions is returned. If you select the Or operator and specify a single query condition, data that meets the query condition is returned. If you select the Or logical operator and specify multiple query conditions, data that meets one of the query conditions is returned. If you select the Not logical operator, data that does not meet the query conditions is returned.

    3. Select an index field and click Add.

    4. Select TermQuery (TermQuery) from the Query Type drop-down list and specify the field value.

    5. By default, the sorting feature is disabled. If you want to sort the query results based on specific fields, turn on Sort and specify the fields based on which you want to sort the query results and the sorting order.

    6. By default, the aggregation feature is disabled. If you want to collect statistics on a specific field, turn on Collect Statistics, specify the field based on which you want to collect statistics, and then configure the information that is required to collect statistics.

  4. Click OK.

    Data that meets the query conditions is displayed in the specified order on the Indexes tab.

Use the Tablestore CLI

Run the search command in the Tablestore CLI to query data by using search indexes. For more information, see Search index.

  1. Run the search command to use the search_index search index to query data and return all indexed columns of each row that meets the query conditions.

    search -n search_index --return_all_indexed
  2. Enter the query conditions as prompted by the system. Sample code:

    {
        "Offset": -1,
        "Limit": 10,
        "Collapse": null,
        "Sort": null,
        "GetTotalCount": true,
        "Token": null,
        "Query": {
            "Name": "TermQuery",
            "Query": {
                "FieldName": "col_keyword",
                "Term": "hangzhou"
            }
        }
    }

Use Tablestore SDKs

You can perform match queries by using Tablestore SDK for Java, Tablestore SDK for Go, Tablestore SDK for Python, Tablestore SDK for Node.js, Tablestore SDK for .NET and Tablestore SDK for PHP. The following sample code provides an example on how to perform match queries by using Tablestore SDK for Java.

The following sample code provides an example on how to query the rows in which the value of the Col_Keyword column exactly matches "hangzhou" in a table:

/**
 * Query the rows in which the value of the Col_Keyword column exactly matches "hangzhou" in a table: 
 * @param client
 */
private static void termQuery(SyncClient client) {
    SearchQuery searchQuery = new SearchQuery();
    TermQuery termQuery = new TermQuery(); // Set the query type to TermQuery. 
    termQuery.setFieldName("Col_Keyword"); // Set the name of the field that you want to match. 
    termQuery.setTerm(ColumnValue.fromString("hangzhou")); // Set the value that you want to match. 
    searchQuery.setQuery(termQuery);
    //searchQuery.setGetTotalCount(true); //Set the GetTotalCount parameter to true to return the total number of rows that meet the query conditions. 

    SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest("<TABLE_NAME>", "<SEARCH_INDEX_NAME>", searchQuery);
    // You can configure the columnsToGet parameter to specify the columns to return or specify that all columns are returned. If you do not configure this parameter, only the primary key columns are returned. 
    //SearchRequest.ColumnsToGet columnsToGet = new SearchRequest.ColumnsToGet();
    //columnsToGet.setReturnAll(true); // Specify that all columns are returned. 
    //columnsToGet.setColumns(Arrays.asList("ColName1","ColName2")); // Specify the columns that you want to return. 
    //searchRequest.setColumnsToGet(columnsToGet);

    SearchResponse resp = client.search(searchRequest);
    //System.out.println("TotalCount: " + resp.getTotalCount()); // Specify that the total number of matched rows instead of the number of returned rows is displayed. 
    System.out.println("Row: " + resp.getRows());
}
            

Billing rules for

When you use a search index to query data, you are charged for the read throughput that is consumed. For more information, see Billable items of search indexes.

FAQ

References

  • When you use a search index to query data, you can use the following query methods: term query, terms query, match all query, match query, match phrase query, prefix query, range query, wildcard query, fuzzy query, Boolean query, geo query, nested query, KNN vector query, and exists query. You can select query methods based on your business requirements to query data from multiple dimensions.

    You can sort or paginate rows that meet the query conditions by using the sorting and paging features. For more information, see Perform sorting and paging.

    You can use the collapse (distinct) feature to collapse the result set based on a specific column. This way, data of the specified type appears only once in the query results. For more information, see Collapse (distinct).

  • If you want to analyze data in a data table, you can use the aggregation feature of the Search operation or execute SQL statements. For example, you can obtain the minimum and maximum values, sum, and total number of rows. For more information, see Aggregation and SQL query.

  • If you want to obtain all rows that meet the query conditions without the need to sort the rows, you can call the ParallelScan and ComputeSplits operations to use the parallel scan feature. For more information, see Parallel scan.