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Elastic Compute Service:Elastic ephemeral disks

Last Updated:Nov 15, 2024

An elastic ephemeral disk is a block storage device that can be created alongside an ECS instance or separately created, with user-defined capacity for temporary data storage. It features high performance and cost-effectiveness. This topic describes the specifications, billing, limits, and common operations of elastic ephemeral disks.

Overview

Comparison between elastic ephemeral disks and local disks

Elastic ephemeral disks are block storage devices that offer flexible capacity, unlike local disks, which can only be purchased alongside ECS instances.

Item

Elastic ephemeral disk

Local disk

Cost-effectiveness

An elastic ephemeral disk is priced separately.

The price of a local disk is included in the instance price, subject to fluctuation based on the instance type.

Maximum Performance

  • IOPS: 1 million

  • Throughput: 4 GB/s

  • IOPS: 900,000

  • Throughput: 6 GB/s

Flexibility

  • You can customize the capacity of an elastic ephemeral disk based on your business needs. It supports scaling so you pay only for what you use.

  • An elastic ephemeral disk can be created with or independently of an instance, enabling flexible modification, detachment, and release options.

  • The capacity of a local disk is fixed and determined by the ECS instance type, with no support for scaling.

    Important

    Expanding capacity requires the purchase of additional computing and storage resources, potentially leading to resource waste.

  • Creation and release are tied to specific ECS instance types, with no support for modification or detachment.

Maintainability

Elastic ephemeral disks offer high maintainability, with the ability to recover within hours after a failure.

Maintainability is limited for a local disk. Recovery from a local disk failure is not immediate. It requires waiting for maintenance or instance replacement, resulting in high maintenance complexity and extended downtime.

Scenarios

  • Temporary data storage

    Like local disks, elastic ephemeral disks are ideal for storing temporary data, such as temporary calculation intermediate results, cached data, and temporary files.

  • High performance computing

    For computing tasks with high IOPS (hundreds of thousands to millions) and throughput (hundreds of MB/s to several GB/s), elastic ephemeral disks provide high-performance temporary storage support.

Lifecycle

The lifecycle of elastic ephemeral disks is partially coupled with ECS instances.

  • If the ECS instance is on a subscription basis, elastic ephemeral disks only support subscription. In subscription mode, they have the same lifecycle as the instance and are forcibly released upon instance expiration. If there are overdue bills in the account, you can use existing elastic ephemeral disks, but cannot perform new purchases or other fee-related operations. For more information, see Subscription.

  • If the ECS instance is a pay-as-you-go instance, you cannot use elastic ephemeral disks when there are overdue bills in the account. For more information, see Pay-as-you-go.

For more information about overdue payments, see Overdue payments.

Billing

  • Billable items and billing rules

    When you use elastic ephemeral disks you are charged by disk capacity, supporting pay-as-you-go and subscription billing methods. For more information, see Billing of elastic ephemeral disks.

  • Pricing

    For information about the pricing of elastic ephemeral disks, see ECS Product Page.

Limits

Supported regions

Elastic ephemeral disks are only available in the following regions and zones: Zone J of China (Hangzhou), Zone N of China (Shanghai), Zone I of China (Beijing), and Zone B of China (Chengdu).

Supported instance families

Elastic ephemeral disks support the following instance families:

Features

Feature

Support for elastic ephemeral disks

Support for other disks

Create/Modify disks

Yes

Yes

Attach/Detach disks

Yes

Important

Elastic ephemeral disks can be detached, but after detachment cannot be attached to other instances.

Yes

Release disks

Yes

Yes

Initialize disks

Yes

Yes

Resize disks

Yes

Yes

Create snapshots/Roll back a disk by using a snapshot

No

Yes

Encrypt disks

No

Yes

Multi-attach disks

No

Yes

Asynchronously replicate disks

No

Yes

Change disk billing method

Yes

Yes

Change disk category

No

Yes

Use disks as system disks

No

Yes

Categories and performance

Based on different IOPS and throughput requirements, two categories of elastic ephemeral disks are available: standard and premium. Standard elastic ephemeral disks are suitable for scenarios with large data volumes and high throughput needs, while premium elastic ephemeral disks are suitable for scenarios requiring small capacity but high IOPS. The following table describes the performance of each type:

Metric

Standard elastic ephemeral disks

Premium elasitc ephemeral disks

Single-disk capacity range (GiB)

64 to 8,192

64 to 8,192

Maximum read IOPS per disk

Either 100 times the capacity or 820,000, whichever is smaller

Either 300 times the capacity or 1,000,000, whichever is smaller

Maximum write IOPS per disk

Either 20 times the capacity or 160,000, whichever is smaller

Either 150 times the capacity or 500,000, whichever is smaller

Maximum read throughput per disk (MB/s)

Either 0.8 times the capacity or 4,096, whichever is smaller

Either 1.6 times the capacity or 4,096, whichever is smaller

Maximum write throughput per disk (MB/s)

Either 0.4 times the capacity or 2,048, whichever is smaller

Either the capacity or 2,048, whichever is smaller

Write I/O density①

20

150

Read I/O density①

100

300

①: I/O density = total I/O / disk capacity, unit: IOPS/GiB, indicating the IOPS capability per GiB.

Use elastic ephemeral disks

Create an elastic ephemeral disk

Create an elastic ephemeral disk when you create an instance

  1. Go to the ECS instance buy page.

  2. On the Custom Launch tab, configure the mandatory parameters such as Billing Method, Region, Instance Type, and Image. Take note of the following parameters when you create an elastic ephemeral disk:

  • Select the appropriate region and zone for the elastic ephemeral disk in the Region and Network and Zone section.

  • Choose the required instance type in the Instance parameter.

  • Expand the Storage section, select Elastic Ephemeral Disk | NAS File System (optional), and click Add Elastic Ephemeral Disk.

  • Specify the category, size, and quantity of the elastic ephemeral disk.

    Note

    An instance can attach up to 16 elastic ephemeral disks.

    For information about other parameters, see Create an instance on the Custom Launch tab.

Separately create an elastic ephemeral disk

  1. Log on to the ECS console.

  2. In the left-side navigation pane, choose Storage & Snapshots > Block Storage.

  3. In the Elastic Ephemeral Disk tab, click Create Elastic Ephemeral Disk.

  4. Configure the disk parameters.

    • Choose the supported region and zone for the elastic ephemeral disk.

    • Select the category and size of the elastic ephemeral disk in the Elastic Ephemeral Disk parameter.

    For more information about the parameters, see Create an empty data disk.

  5. Attach the elastic ephemeral disk to the ECS instance and perform initialization to use it.

    For more information, see Attach a data disk.

Related operations

Compared to cloud disks, elastic ephemeral disks have certain usage limits and support only the following operations. For more information about limits, refer to Features.

For information about cloud disks, refer to the following topics:

FAQs

How to understand the reliability of elastic ephemeral disks?

Elastic ephemeral disk failure rate is designed to be between that of a local disk and a cloud disk. Alibaba Cloud employs various technical measures to reduce the failure rate but does not guarantee against data loss after a failure.

What are the differences between elastic ephemeral disks and ESSD-series disks?

ESSD disks offer high reliability and the ability to support online configuration changes, various data protection options, and disaster recovery features. In contrast, elastic ephemeral disks lack these capabilities and cannot be attached to other instances after detachment.