Data Transmission Service:Synchronize data from an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance to a self-managed MySQL database connected over Express Connect, VPN Gateway, or Smart Access Gateway

Precautions

• DTS uses read and write resources of the source and destination RDS instances during initial full data synchronization. This may increase the loads of the RDS instances. If the instance performance is unfavorable, the specification is low, or the data volume is large, database services may become unavailable. For example, DTS occupies a large amount of read and write resources in the following cases: a large number of slow SQL queries are performed on the source RDS instance, the tables have no primary keys, or a deadlock occurs in the destination RDS instance. Before data synchronization, evaluate the impact of data synchronization on the performance of the source and destination RDS instances. We recommend that you synchronize data during off-peak hours. For example, you can synchronize data when the CPU utilization of the source and destination RDS instances is less than 30%.

• During initial full data synchronization, concurrent INSERT operations cause fragmentation in the tables of the destination instance. After initial full data synchronization is complete, the size of used tablespace of the destination instance is larger than that of the source instance.

Billing

Limits

The tables to be migrated in the source database must have PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE constraints and all fields must be unique. Otherwise, the destination database may contain duplicate data records.

• We recommend that you do not use gh-ost or pt-online-schema-change to perform DDL operations on objects during data synchronization. Otherwise, data synchronization may fail.

• The tables to be migrated in the source database must have PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE constraints and all fields must be unique. Otherwise, the destination database may contain duplicate data records.

Supported synchronization topologies

• One-way one-to-one synchronization

• One-way one-to-many synchronization

• One-way cascade synchronization

• One-way many-to-one synchronization

• Two-way one-to-one synchronization

For more information about the synchronization topologies that are supported by DTS, see Synchronization topologies.

SQL operations that can be synchronized

Limits

• Incompatibility with triggers

  If you select a database as the object to synchronize and the database contains a trigger that updates a table, data inconsistency may occur. For more information about how to resolve this issue, see Configure a data synchronization or migration task for a source database that contains a trigger.

• Limits on RENAME TABLE operations

  RENAME TABLE operations may cause data inconsistency between the source and destination databases. For example, if only Table A is selected as the object to synchronize and is renamed Table B, Table B cannot be synchronized to the destination database. To prevent this situation, you can select the entire database in which Table A is located as the object to synchronize when you configure the data synchronization task.

Procedure

1. Purchase a data synchronization instance. For more information, see Purchase a DTS instance.

   Note

   Select MySQL for both the source instance and the destination instance. Select One-Way Synchronization as the synchronization topology.

2. Log on to the DTS console.

3. In the left-side navigation pane, click Data Synchronization.

4. In the upper part of the Data Synchronization Tasks page, select the region in which the data synchronization task is created.

5. Find the data synchronization task and click Configure Task in the Actions column.

6. Configure the source and destination instances.

   

   Section	Parameter	Description
   N/A	Synchronization Task Name	DTS automatically generates a task name. We recommend that you specify an informative name to identify the task. You do not need to use a unique task name.
   Source Instance Details	Instance Type	Select RDS Instance.
   	Instance Region	The source region that you selected on the buy page. The value of this parameter cannot be changed.
   	Instance ID	Select the ID of the source RDS instance.
   	Database Account	Enter the database account of the source RDS instance. Note If the database type of the source RDS instance is MySQL 5.5 or MySQL 5.6, you do not need to configure the database account or database password.
   	Database Password	Enter the password of the database account.
   	Encryption	Select Non-encrypted or SSL-encrypted. If you want to select SSL-encrypted, you must enable SSL encryption for the RDS instance before you configure the data synchronization task. For more information, see Use a cloud certificate to enable SSL encryption. Important The Encryption parameter is available only within regions in the Chinese mainland and the China (Hong Kong) region.
   Destination Instance Details	Instance Type	Select User-Created Database Connected over Express Connect, VPN Gateway, or Smart Access Gateway.
   	Instance Region	The destination region that you selected on the buy page. The value of this parameter cannot be changed.
   	Peer VPC	Select the ID of the VPC that is connected to the self-managed database.
   	Database Type	Set the value to MySQL. The value of this parameter cannot be changed.
   	IP Address	Enter the server IP address of the self-managed MySQL database.
   	Port Number	Enter the service port number of the self-managed MySQL database. The default port number is 3306.
   	Database Account	Enter the account of the self-managed MySQL database. Note The account must have the SELECT permission on the objects to be synchronized, the REPLICATION CLIENT permission, the REPLICATION SLAVE permission, and the SHOW VIEW permission.
   	Database Password	Enter the password of the database account.

7. In the lower-right corner of the page, click Set Whitelist and Next.

   If the source or destination database is an Alibaba Cloud database instance, such as an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL or ApsaraDB for MongoDB instance, DTS automatically adds the CIDR blocks of DTS servers to the IP address whitelist of the instance. If the source or destination database is a self-managed database hosted on an Elastic Compute Service (ECS) instance, DTS automatically adds the CIDR blocks of DTS servers to the security group rules of the ECS instance, and you must make sure that the ECS instance can access the database. If the self-managed database is hosted on multiple ECS instances, you must manually add the CIDR blocks of DTS servers to the security group rules of each ECS instance. If the source or destination database is a self-managed database that is deployed in a data center or provided by a third-party cloud service provider, you must manually add the CIDR blocks of DTS servers to the IP address whitelist of the database to allow DTS to access the database. For more information, see Add the CIDR blocks of DTS servers.

   Warning

   If the CIDR blocks of DTS servers are automatically or manually added to the whitelist of the database or instance, or to the ECS security group rules, security risks may arise. Therefore, before you use DTS to synchronize data, you must understand and acknowledge the potential risks and take preventive measures, including but not limited to the following measures: enhancing the security of your username and password, limiting the ports that are exposed, authenticating API calls, regularly checking the whitelist or ECS security group rules and forbidding unauthorized CIDR blocks, or connecting the database to DTS by using Express Connect, VPN Gateway, or Smart Access Gateway.

8. Select the synchronization policy and the objects to be synchronized

   

   Parameter/Section	Description
   Select Object to Be Synchronized	Select one or more objects from the Available section and click the icon to move the objects to the Selected section. You can select tables or databases as the objects to be synchronized. Note If you select a database as the object to synchronize, all schema changes in the database are synchronized to the destination database. By default, after an object is synchronized to the destination database, the name of the object remains unchanged. You can use the object name mapping feature to rename the objects that are synchronized to the destination database. For more information, see Rename an object to be synchronized.
   Rename Databases and Tables	You can use the object name mapping feature to rename the objects that are synchronized to the destination instance. For more information, see Object name mapping.
   Source table DMS_ONLINE_Do you want to copy the temporary table to the target database during DDL	If you use DMS to perform online DDL operations on the source database, you can specify whether to synchronize temporary tables generated by online DDL operations. Yes: DTS synchronizes the data of temporary tables generated by online DDL operations. Note If online DDL operations generate a large amount of data, the data synchronization task may be delayed. No: DTS does not synchronize the data of temporary tables generated by online DDL operations. Only the original DDL data of the source database is synchronized. Note If you select No, the tables in the destination database may be locked.
   Retry Time for Failed Connection	By default, if DTS fails to connect to the source or destination database, DTS retries within the next 720 minutes (12 hours). You can specify the retry time based on your needs. If DTS reconnects to the source and destination databases within the specified time, DTS resumes the data synchronization task. Otherwise, the data synchronization task fails. Note When DTS retries a connection, you are charged for the DTS instance. We recommend that you specify the retry time based on your business needs. You can also release the DTS instance at your earliest opportunity after the source and destination instances are released.

9. In the lower-right corner of the page, click Next.

10. Complete the advanced settings for initial synchronization.

    

    Note

    • During initial synchronization, DTS synchronizes the schemas and data of required objects from the source instance to the destination instance. The schemas and data are the basis for subsequent incremental synchronization.

    • Initial synchronization includes initial schema synchronization and initial full data synchronization. In most cases, you must select both Initial Schema Synchronization and Initial Full Data Synchronization.

11. In the lower-right corner of the page, click Precheck.

    Note

    • Before you can start the data synchronization task, DTS performs a precheck. You can start the data synchronization task only after the task passes the precheck.

    • If the task fails to pass the precheck, you can click the icon next to each failed item to view details.

      • After you troubleshoot the issues based on the details, initiate a new precheck.

      • If you do not need to troubleshoot the issues, ignore the failed items and initiate a new precheck.

12. Close the Precheck dialog box after the following message is displayed: Precheck Passed. Then, the data synchronization task starts.

13. Wait until initial synchronization is completed and the data synchronization task enters the Synchronizing state.

    You can view the status of the data synchronization task on the Synchronization Tasks page.