This tutorial assumes that you have already created both the instance and configured SSH key-based authentication on the instances with the same key. Here are the goals which we will accomplish using Ansible:
In this tutorial, I will assume that you have already installed Ansible on your local computer.
Create a new project directory in which we will store everything related to our project, the playbooks, roles, and other files throughout the tutorial.
mkdir ~/drupal-ansibleSwitch to the newly created directory.
cd ~/drupal-ansibleCreate a new local Ansible configuration file.
nano ansible.cfgPopulate the file with the following configuration.
[defaults]
inventory = hosts
host_key_checking = false
private_key_file = ~/.ssh/aliyun.pemCreate a new hosts file using the following command.
nano hostsPopulate the file with the following configuration. Make sure to replace the example IP addresses with the actual ones.
web-server ansible_ssh_host=192.168.0.1 ansible_ssh_user=root
db-server ansible_ssh_host=192.168.0.2 ansible_ssh_user=root
[all:vars]
ansible_python_interpreter=/usr/bin/python3Before we proceed further to create the roles and tasks, let's verify if Ansible can reach our hosts by running the command ansible all -m ping. You should see a similar message if the execution is successful.
aliyun@ubuntu:~/drupal-ansible$ ansible all -m ping
db-server | SUCCESS => {
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
web-server | SUCCESS => {
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}Now that we know that Ansible can successfully connect to the instances, let start creating the Ansible playbook file. This Ansible playbook file will be used by the "ansible-playbook" command to run the plays.
cd ~/drupal-ansible
nano playbook.yamlPopulate the file with the following YAML code. Make sure to use correct spacing and indentation. Ansible uses two spaces for each indentation.
---
- hosts: all
gather_facts: true
tasks:
- name: update and upgrade system packages
apt:
upgrade: yes
update_cache: yes
- hosts: db-server
roles:
- mariadb
- hosts: web-server
become: true
roles:
- php
- drupal
- nginxIn this tutorial, we will also break our playbook into four various roles.
Similarly, we will run the roles "php", "drupal", and "nginx" on the server named "web-server".
For details, you can go to this tutorial.
In the previous tutorial of the series, we have already created our playbook which we will run using the Ansible. The playbook itself doesn't do anything but will look for the tasks in roles. In this tutorial, we will start creating the roles for our playbook.
Create a new directory to add the roles in our Ansible playbook by running:
cd ~/drupal-ansible
mkdir rolesIn previous tutorials of this series, we have created our playbook file and two of the four roles. In the first part of the tutorial, we looked at creating our project and overriding the default Ansible behavior. In the second part of the tutorial, we have written the plays into roles.
In this final part of the tutorial series, we will create the two remaining roles. Once the playbook is created, we will run the playbook using Ansible.
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