AliSQL提供Inventory Hint,協助您快速提交/復原事務,配合Returning和Statement Queue,能有效提高業務吞吐能力。
背景資訊
在秒殺等業務情境中,減少庫存是一個常見的需要高並發,同時也需要序列化的任務模型,AliSQL使用排隊和事務性Hint來控制並發和快速提交/復原事務,提高業務吞吐能力。
結合Inventory Hint,RDS的單行熱點更新效能可達3.1萬TPS(參見單行熱點更新測試)。
前提條件
執行個體版本如下:
MySQL 8.0
MySQL 5.7
MySQL 5.6
文法
新增了三個Hint,支援SELECT、UPDATE、INSERT、DELETE語句。
對於MySQL 5.7和MySQL 8.0版本:
兩個事務Hint為COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS和ROLLBACK_ON_FAIL:
COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS:當前語句執行成功就提交事務上下文。
ROLLBACK_ON_FAIL:當前語句執行失敗就復原事務上下文。
文法:
/*+ COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS */ /*+ ROLLBACK_ON_FAIL */
樣本:
UPDATE /*+ COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS ROLLBACK_ON_FAIL */ T SET c = c - 1 WHERE id = 1;
條件Hint為TARGET_AFFECT_ROW(NUMBER) :
如果當前語句影響行數是指定的就成功,否則語句失敗。
文法:
/*+ TARGET_AFFECT_ROW(NUMBER) */
樣本:
UPDATE /*+ TARGET_AFFECT_ROW(1) */ T SET c = c - 1 WHERE id = 1;
對於MySQL 5.6版本:
文法使用與MySQL 5.7和MySQL 8.0版本類似,不同點僅在於Hint不需要放在注釋中。
樣本:
UPDATE COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS ROLLBACK_ON_FAIL T SET c = c - 1 WHERE id = 1; UPDATE TARGET_AFFECT_ROW(1) T SET c = c - 1 WHERE id = 1;
注意事項
Hint需要加在表名前面。
因Hint生效會自動認可事務,因此Hint需要位於事務的最後一條SQL。
事務Hint不能運行在autocommit模式下, 例如:
mysql> UPDATE /*+ commit_on_success rollback_on_fail target_affect_row(1) */ t -> SET col1 = col1 + 1 -> WHERE id = 1; ERROR 7531 (HY000): Inventory transactional hints didn't allowed in autocommit mode
事務Hint不能運行在sub statement下,例如:
mysql> CREATE TRIGGER tri_1 -> BEFORE INSERT ON t -> FOR EACH ROW -> BEGIN -> INSERT /*+ commit_on_success */ INTO t1 VALUES (1); -> end// mysql> INSERT INTO t VALUES (2, 1); ERROR HY000: Inventory transactional hints didn't alllowed in stored procedure
條件Hint不能運行在SELECT/EXPLAIN statement下, 例如:
mysql> EXPLAIN UPDATE /*+ commit_on_success rollback_on_fail target_affect_row(1) */ t -> SET col1 = col1 + 1 -> WHERE id = 1; ERROR 7532 (HY000): Inventory conditional hints didn't match with result
說明您可以指定target_affect_row為一個無效的number進行測試,系統會有警示。
mysql> EXPLAIN UPDATE /*+ commit_on_success rollback_on_fail target_affect_row(-1) */ t -> SET col1 = col1 + 1 -> WHERE id = 1; +----+-------------+-------+------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+------+----------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra | +----+-------------+-------+------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+------+----------+-------------+ | 1 | UPDATE | t | NULL | range | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | const | 1 | 100.00 | Using where | +----+-------------+-------+------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+------+----------+-------------+ 1 row in set, 2 warnings (0.00 sec) mysql> show warnings; +---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Level | Code | Message | +---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Warning | 1064 | Optimizer hint syntax error near '-1) */ t set col1=col1+1 where id =1' at line 1 | | Note | 1003 | update /*+ COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS ROLLBACK_ON_FAIL */ `test`.`t` set `test`.`t`.`col1` = (`test`.`t`.`col1` + 1) where (`test`.`t`.`id` = 1) | +---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
配合Returning使用
Inventory Hint可以配合Returning使用,即時返回結果集, 例如:
mysql> CALL dbms_trans.returning("*", "update /*+ commit_on_success rollback_on_fail target_affect_row(1) */ t
set col1=col1+1 where id=1");
+----+------+
| id | col1 |
+----+------+
| 1 | 13 |
+----+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> CALL dbms_trans.returning("*", "insert /*+ commit_on_success rollback_on_fail target_affect_row(1) */ into
t values(10,10)");
+----+------+
| id | col1 |
+----+------+
| 10 | 10 |
+----+------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
配合Statement queue使用
Inventory Hint可以配合Statement Queue進行排隊,例如:
mysql> UPDATE /*+ ccl_queue_field(id) commit_on_success rollback_on_fail target_affect_row(1) */ t
-> SET col1 = col1 + 1
-> WHERE id = 1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> UPDATE /*+ ccl_queue_value(1) commit_on_success rollback_on_fail target_affect_row(1) */ t
-> SET col1 = col1 + 1
-> WHERE id = 1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0