預設情況下,如果新添加檔案與現有檔案(Object)同名且對該檔案有存取權限,則新添加的檔案將覆蓋原有的檔案。本文介紹如何通過佈建要求頭x-oss-forbid-overwrite在簡單上傳、拷貝檔案及分區上傳等情境中禁止覆蓋同名檔案。
注意事項
本文以華東1(杭州)外網Endpoint為例。如果您希望通過與OSS同地區的其他阿里雲產品訪問OSS,請使用內網Endpoint。關於OSS支援的Region與Endpoint的對應關係,請參見OSS訪問網域名稱、資料中心、開放連接埠。
本文以從環境變數讀取存取憑證為例。如何配置訪問憑證,請參見Java配置訪問憑證。
本文以OSS網域名稱建立OSSClient為例。如果您希望通過自訂網域名、STS等方式建立OSSClient,請參見建立OSSClient。
簡單上傳
以下代碼用於簡單上傳時禁止覆蓋同名檔案:
import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.*;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Endpoint以華東1(杭州)為例,其它Region請按實際情況填寫。
String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
// 從環境變數中擷取訪問憑證。運行本程式碼範例之前,請確保已設定環境變數OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
// 填寫Bucket名稱,例如examplebucket。
String bucketName = "examplebucket";
// 填寫Object的完整路徑。Object完整路徑中不能包含Bucket名稱。
String objectName = "exampledir/object";
String content = "Hello OSS!";
// 填寫Bucket所在地區。以華東1(杭州)為例,Region填寫為cn-hangzhou。
String region = "cn-hangzhou";
// 建立OSSClient執行個體。
ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();
clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);
OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create()
.endpoint(endpoint)
.credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
.clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration)
.region(region)
.build();
try {
// 建立PutObjectRequest對象。
PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(bucketName, objectName, new ByteArrayInputStream(content.getBytes()));
// 指定上傳檔案操作時是否覆蓋同名Object。
// 不指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite時,預設覆蓋同名Object。
// 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite為false時,表示允許覆蓋同名Object。
// 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite為true時,表示禁止覆蓋同名Object,如果同名Object已存在,程式將報錯。
ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata();
metadata.setHeader("x-oss-forbid-overwrite", "true");
putObjectRequest.setMetadata(metadata);
// 上傳檔案。
ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);
} catch (OSSException oe) {
System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
+ "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
} catch (ClientException ce) {
System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
+ "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
+ "such as not being able to access the network.");
System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
} finally {
if (ossClient != null) {
ossClient.shutdown();
}
}
}
}
拷貝檔案
通過CopyObjectRequest拷貝
以下代碼用於通過CopyObjectRequest拷貝小檔案時禁止覆蓋同名檔案:
import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException; import com.aliyun.oss.OSS; import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*; import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder; import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException; import com.aliyun.oss.model.*; public class Demo { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // Endpoint以華東1(杭州)為例,其它Region請按實際情況填寫。 String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com"; // 從環境變數中擷取訪問憑證。運行本程式碼範例之前,請確保已設定環境變數OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。 EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider(); // 填寫源Bucket名稱。 String sourceBucketName = "srcexamplebucket"; // 填寫源Object的完整路徑,完整路徑中不能包含Bucket名稱。 String sourceObjectName = "srcexampleobject.txt"; // 填寫與源Bucket處於同一地區的目標Bucket名稱。 String destinationBucketName = "desexamplebucket"; // 填寫目標Object的完整路徑。Object完整路徑中不能包含Bucket名稱。 String destinationObjectName = "desexampleobject.txt"; // 填寫Bucket所在地區。以華東1(杭州)為例,Region填寫為cn-hangzhou。 String region = "cn-hangzhou"; // 建立OSSClient執行個體。 ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration(); clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4); OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create() .endpoint(endpoint) .credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider) .clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration) .region(region) .build(); try { // 建立CopyObjectRequest對象。 CopyObjectRequest copyObjectRequest = new CopyObjectRequest(sourceBucketName, sourceObjectName, destinationBucketName, destinationObjectName); // 設定新的檔案中繼資料。 ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata(); metadata.setContentType("text/html"); // 指定拷貝檔案操作時是否覆蓋同名Object。 // 不指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite時,預設覆蓋同名Object // 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite為false時,表示允許覆蓋同名Object。 // 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite為true時,表示禁止覆蓋同名Object,如果同名Object已存在,程式將報錯。 metadata.setHeader("x-oss-forbid-overwrite", "true"); copyObjectRequest.setNewObjectMetadata(metadata); // 拷貝檔案。 CopyObjectResult result = ossClient.copyObject(copyObjectRequest); System.out.println("ETag: " + result.getETag() + " LastModified: " + result.getLastModified()); } catch (OSSException oe) { System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, " + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason."); System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage()); System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode()); System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId()); System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId()); } catch (ClientException ce) { System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered " + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, " + "such as not being able to access the network."); System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage()); } finally { if (ossClient != null) { ossClient.shutdown(); } } } }
拷貝大檔案
以下代碼用於拷貝大檔案(分區拷貝)時禁止覆蓋同名檔案:
import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException; import com.aliyun.oss.OSS; import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*; import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder; import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException; import com.aliyun.oss.model.*; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class Demo { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // Endpoint以華東1(杭州)為例,其它Region請按實際情況填寫。 String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com"; // 從環境變數中擷取訪問憑證。運行本程式碼範例之前,請確保已設定環境變數OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。 EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider(); // 填寫源Bucket名稱。 String sourceBucketName = "srcexamplebucket"; // 填寫源Object的完整路徑,完整路徑中不能包含Bucket名稱。 String sourceObjectName = "srcexampleobject.txt"; // 填寫與源Bucket處於同一地區的目標Bucket名稱。 String destinationBucketName = "desexamplebucket"; // 填寫目標Object的完整路徑。Object完整路徑中不能包含Bucket名稱。 String destinationObjectName = "desexampleobject.txt"; // 填寫Bucket所在地區。以華東1(杭州)為例,Region填寫為cn-hangzhou。 String region = "cn-hangzhou"; // 建立OSSClient執行個體。 ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration(); clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4); OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create() .endpoint(endpoint) .credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider) .clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration) .region(region) .build(); try { ObjectMetadata objectMetadata = ossClient.getObjectMetadata(sourceBucketName, sourceObjectName); // 擷取被拷貝檔案的大小。 long contentLength = objectMetadata.getContentLength(); // 設定分區大小為10MB。 long partSize = 1024 * 1024 * 10; // 計算分區總數。 int partCount = (int) (contentLength / partSize); if (contentLength % partSize != 0) { partCount++; } System.out.println("total part count:" + partCount); // 初始化拷貝任務。可以通過InitiateMultipartUploadRequest指定目標檔案中繼資料。 InitiateMultipartUploadRequest initiateMultipartUploadRequest = new InitiateMultipartUploadRequest(destinationBucketName, destinationObjectName); // 指定拷貝檔案操作時是否覆蓋同名Object。 // 不指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite時,預設覆蓋同名Object。 // 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite為false時,表示允許覆蓋同名Object。 // 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite為true時,表示禁止覆蓋同名Object,如果同名Object已存在,程式將報錯。 ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata(); metadata.setHeader("x-oss-forbid-overwrite", "true"); initiateMultipartUploadRequest.setObjectMetadata(metadata); InitiateMultipartUploadResult initiateMultipartUploadResult = ossClient.initiateMultipartUpload(initiateMultipartUploadRequest); String uploadId = initiateMultipartUploadResult.getUploadId(); // 分區拷貝。 List<PartETag> partETags = new ArrayList<PartETag>(); for (int i = 0; i < partCount; i++) { // 計算每個分區的大小。 long skipBytes = partSize * i; long size = partSize < contentLength - skipBytes ? partSize : contentLength - skipBytes; // 建立UploadPartCopyRequest。可以通過UploadPartCopyRequest指定限定條件。 UploadPartCopyRequest uploadPartCopyRequest = new UploadPartCopyRequest(sourceBucketName, sourceObjectName, destinationBucketName, destinationObjectName); uploadPartCopyRequest.setUploadId(uploadId); uploadPartCopyRequest.setPartSize(size); uploadPartCopyRequest.setBeginIndex(skipBytes); uploadPartCopyRequest.setPartNumber(i + 1); UploadPartCopyResult uploadPartCopyResult = ossClient.uploadPartCopy(uploadPartCopyRequest); // 將返回的分區ETag儲存到partETags中。 partETags.add(uploadPartCopyResult.getPartETag()); } // 完成分區拷貝任務。 CompleteMultipartUploadRequest completeMultipartUploadRequest = new CompleteMultipartUploadRequest( destinationBucketName, destinationObjectName, uploadId, partETags); // 指定拷貝檔案操作時是否覆蓋同名Object。 // 不指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite時,預設覆蓋同名Object // 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite為false時,表示允許覆蓋同名Object。 // 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite為true時,表示禁止覆蓋同名Object,如果同名Object已存在,程式將報錯。 completeMultipartUploadRequest.addHeader("x-oss-forbid-overwrite", "true"); ossClient.completeMultipartUpload(completeMultipartUploadRequest); } catch (OSSException oe) { System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, " + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason."); System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage()); System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode()); System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId()); System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId()); } catch (ClientException ce) { System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered " + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, " + "such as not being able to access the network."); System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage()); } finally { if (ossClient != null) { ossClient.shutdown(); } } } }
分區上傳
以下代碼用於分區上傳時禁止覆蓋同名檔案:
import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.*;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Endpoint以華東1(杭州)為例,其它Region請按實際情況填寫。
String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
// 從環境變數中擷取訪問憑證。運行本程式碼範例之前,請確保已設定環境變數OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
// 填寫Bucket名稱,例如examplebucket。
String bucketName = "examplebucket";
// 填寫Object的完整路徑。Object完整路徑中不能包含Bucket名稱。
String objectName = "exampledir/object";
// 填寫Bucket所在地區。以華東1(杭州)為例,Region填寫為cn-hangzhou。
String region = "cn-hangzhou";
// 建立OSSClient執行個體。
ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();
clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);
OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create()
.endpoint(endpoint)
.credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
.clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration)
.region(region)
.build();
try {
// 建立InitiateMultipartUploadRequest對象。
InitiateMultipartUploadRequest request = new InitiateMultipartUploadRequest(bucketName, objectName);
// 指定分區上傳操作時是否覆蓋同名Object。
// 不指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite時,預設覆蓋同名Object。
// 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite為false時,表示允許覆蓋同名Object。
// 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite為true時,表示禁止覆蓋同名Object,如果同名Object已存在,程式將報錯。
ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata();
metadata.setHeader("x-oss-forbid-overwrite", "true");
request.setObjectMetadata(metadata);
// 初始化分區。
InitiateMultipartUploadResult upresult = ossClient.initiateMultipartUpload(request);
// 返回uploadId,它是分區上傳事件的唯一標識,您可以根據這個ID來發起相關的操作,如取消分區上傳、查詢分區上傳等。
String uploadId = upresult.getUploadId();
// partETags是PartETag的集合。PartETag由分區的ETag和分區號組成。
List<PartETag> partETags = new ArrayList<PartETag>();
// 計算檔案有多少個分區。
final long partSize = 1 * 1024 * 1024L; // 1MB
final File sampleFile = new File("<localFile>");
long fileLength = sampleFile.length();
int partCount = (int) (fileLength / partSize);
if (fileLength % partSize != 0) {
partCount++;
}
// 遍曆分區上傳。
for (int i = 0; i < partCount; i++) {
long startPos = i * partSize;
long curPartSize = (i + 1 == partCount) ? (fileLength - startPos) : partSize;
InputStream instream = new FileInputStream(sampleFile);
// 跳過已經上傳的分區。
instream.skip(startPos);
UploadPartRequest uploadPartRequest = new UploadPartRequest();
uploadPartRequest.setBucketName(bucketName);
uploadPartRequest.setKey(objectName);
uploadPartRequest.setUploadId(uploadId);
uploadPartRequest.setInputStream(instream);
// 設定分區大小。除了最後一個分區沒有大小限制,其他的分區最小為100KB。
uploadPartRequest.setPartSize(curPartSize);
// 設定分區號。每一個上傳的分區都有一個分區號,取值範圍是1~10000,如果超出這個範圍,OSS將返回InvalidArgument的錯誤碼。
uploadPartRequest.setPartNumber( i + 1);
// 每個分區不需要按順序上傳,甚至可以在不同用戶端上傳,OSS會按照分區號排序組成完整的檔案。
UploadPartResult uploadPartResult = ossClient.uploadPart(uploadPartRequest);
// 每次上傳分區之後,OSS的返回結果會包含一個PartETag。PartETag將被儲存到partETags中。
partETags.add(uploadPartResult.getPartETag());
}
// 建立CompleteMultipartUploadRequest對象。
// 完成分區上傳操作時,需要提供所有有效partETags。OSS收到提交的partETags後,會逐一驗證每個分區的有效性。當所有的資料分區驗證通過後,OSS將把這些分區組合成一個完整的檔案。
CompleteMultipartUploadRequest completeMultipartUploadRequest =
new CompleteMultipartUploadRequest(bucketName, objectName, uploadId, partETags);
// 指定分區上傳操作時是否覆蓋同名Object。
// 不指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite時,預設覆蓋同名Object。
// 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite為false時,表示允許覆蓋同名Object。
// 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite為true時,表示禁止覆蓋同名Object,如果同名Object已存在,程式將報錯。
completeMultipartUploadRequest.addHeader("x-oss-forbid-overwrite", "true");
// 完成上傳。
CompleteMultipartUploadResult completeMultipartUploadResult = ossClient.completeMultipartUpload(completeMultipartUploadRequest);
} catch (OSSException oe) {
System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
+ "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
} catch (ClientException ce) {
System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
+ "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
+ "such as not being able to access the network.");
System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
} finally {
if (ossClient != null) {
ossClient.shutdown();
}
}
}
}
相關文檔
關於在各類上傳情境中禁止覆蓋同名檔案的完整範例程式碼,請參見GitHub樣本。
關於在簡單上傳的API介面說明,請參見PutObject。
關於拷貝檔案的API介面說明,請參見CopyObject。
關於分區上傳的API介面說明,請參見InitiateMultipartUpload以及CompleteMultipartUpload。