Hologres：測試方案介紹

TPC-H簡介

以下文字描述引用自TPC Benchmark™ H (TPC-H)規範：

TPC-H是一個決策支援基準，由一套面向業務的臨時查詢和並發資料修改組成。選擇的查詢和填充資料庫的資料具有廣泛的行業相關性。該基準測試說明了決策支援系統可以檢查大量資料，執行高度複雜的查詢，並解答關鍵的業務問題。

詳情請參見TPCH Specification。

資料集簡介

TPC-H（商業智慧計算測試）是美國交易處理效能委員會（TPC,Transaction Processing Performance Council）組織制定的用來類比決策支援類應用的一個測試集。目前在學術界和工業界普遍採用它來評價決策支援技術方面應用的效能。

TPC-H是根據真實的生產運行環境來建模，類比了一套銷售系統的資料倉儲。其共包含8張表，資料量可設定從1 GB~3 TB不等。其基準測試共包含了22個查詢，主要評價指標各個查詢的回應時間，即從提交查詢到結果返回所需時間。其測試結果可綜合反映系統處理查詢時的能力。詳情請參見TPC-H基準。

情境說明

注意事項

為了減少可能對測試結果有影響的變數，建議每次建立執行個體進行測試，請勿使用升或降配的執行個體。

OLAP查詢情境測試

Key/Value點查情境測試

Key/Value點查情境測試，可繼續使用OLAP查詢情境測試建立的資料庫hologres_tpch以及orders表進行Key/Value點查情境測試。具體步驟如下：

1. 建立表

   由於Key/Value點查情境使用行存表，因此不能直接使用OLAP查詢情境測試中的order表，需建立表。您可使用PSQL用戶端串連Hologres，並運行如下命令建立orders_row表。

   說明

   PSQL用戶端串連Hologres，詳情請參見串連Hologres並開發。

   DROP TABLE IF EXISTS public.orders_row;
   
   BEGIN;
   CREATE TABLE public.orders_row(
       O_ORDERKEY       BIGINT         NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY
       ,O_CUSTKEY       INT            NOT NULL
       ,O_ORDERSTATUS   TEXT           NOT NULL
       ,O_TOTALPRICE    DECIMAL(15,2)  NOT NULL
       ,O_ORDERDATE     TIMESTAMPTZ    NOT NULL
       ,O_ORDERPRIORITY TEXT           NOT NULL
       ,O_CLERK         TEXT           NOT NULL
       ,O_SHIPPRIORITY  INT            NOT NULL
       ,O_COMMENT       TEXT           NOT NULL
   );
   CALL SET_TABLE_PROPERTY('public.orders_row', 'orientation', 'row');
   CALL SET_TABLE_PROPERTY('public.orders_row', 'clustering_key', 'o_orderkey');
   CALL SET_TABLE_PROPERTY('public.orders_row', 'distribution_key', 'o_orderkey');
   COMMIT;

2. 匯入資料

   您可以使用如下INSERT INTO語句，將TPC-H資料集中的orders表資料匯入至orders_row表。

   說明

   Hologres從V2.1.17版本起支援Serverless Computing能力，針對巨量資料量離線匯入、大型ETL作業、外表巨量資料量查詢等情境，使用Serverless Computing執行該類任務可以直接使用額外的Serverless資源，避免使用執行個體自身資源，無需為執行個體預留額外的計算資源，顯著提升執行個體穩定性、減少OOM機率，且僅需為任務單獨付費。Serverless Computing詳情請參見Serverless Computing概述，Serverless Computing使用方法請參見Serverless Computing使用指南。

   -- （可選）推薦使用Serverless Computing執行巨量資料量離線匯入和ETL作業
   SET hg_computing_resource = 'serverless';
   
   INSERT INTO public.orders_row SELECT * FROM public.orders;
   
   -- 重設配置，保證非必要的SQL不會使用serverless資源。
   RESET hg_computing_resource;

3. 執行查詢

   1. 產生查詢語句。

      Key/Value點查情境主要有兩種查詢情境，具體查詢語句如下：

      查詢方式	查詢語句	說明
      單值篩選	SELECT column_a ,column_b ,... ,column_x FROM table_x WHERE pk = value_x ;	此查詢語句主要用於單值篩選，即WHERE的SQL語句取值唯一。
      多值篩選	SELECT column_a ,column_b ,... ,column_x FROM table_x WHERE pk IN ( value_a, value_b,..., value_x ) ;	此查詢語句主要用於多值篩選，即WHERE的SQL語句可以取多個值。

      您可以使用如下指令碼產生所需的SQL語句。

      rm -rf kv_query
      mkdir kv_query
      cd kv_query
      echo "
      \set column_values random(1,99999999)
      select O_ORDERKEY,O_CUSTKEY,O_ORDERSTATUS,O_TOTALPRICE,O_ORDERDATE,O_ORDERPRIORITY,O_CLERK,O_SHIPPRIORITY,O_COMMENT from public.orders_row WHERE o_orderkey =:column_values;
      " >> kv_query_single.sql
      echo "
      \set column_values1 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values2 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values3 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values4 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values5 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values6 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values7 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values8 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values9 random(1,99999999)
      select O_ORDERKEY,O_CUSTKEY,O_ORDERSTATUS,O_TOTALPRICE,O_ORDERDATE,O_ORDERPRIORITY,O_CLERK,O_SHIPPRIORITY,O_COMMENT from public.orders_row WHERE o_orderkey in(:column_values1,:column_values2,:column_values3,:column_values4,:column_values5,:column_values6,:column_values7,:column_values8,:column_values9);
      " >> kv_query_in.sql

      指令碼執行完成後，會產生2個SQL檔案：

      • kv_query_single.sql表示單值篩選的SQL。

      • kv_query_in.sql表示多值篩選的SQL，該指令碼會隨機產生一個針對10個值篩選的SQL。

   2. 為了方便統計查詢資訊，您需要使用pgbench工具。您可以使用如下命令安裝pgbench工具。

      yum install postgresql-contrib -y

      為了避免因工具相容性問題影響測試，建議您安裝版本為13及以上的pgbench工具。如果您本地已經安裝pgbench工具，請確保其版本為9.6以上。您可以通過執行如下命令查看當前工具版本。

      pgbench --version

   3. 執行測試語句。

      說明

      以下命令需在產生查詢語句的目錄下執行。

      • 針對單值篩選的情境，使用pgbench工具進行壓測。

        PGUSER=<AccessKey_ID> PGPASSWORD=<AccessKey_Secret> PGDATABASE=<Database> pgbench -h <Endpoint> -p <Port> -c <Client_Num> -T <Query_Seconds> -M prepared -n -f kv_query_single.sql

      • 針對多值篩選的情境，使用pgbench工具進行壓測。

        PGUSER=<AccessKey_ID> PGPASSWORD=<AccessKey_Secret> PGDATABASE=<Database> pgbench -h <Endpoint> -p <Port> -c <Client_Num> -T <Query_Seconds> -M prepared -n -f kv_query_in.sql

      參數說明如下表所示。

      參數	說明
      AccessKey_ID	當前阿里雲帳號的AccessKey ID。 您可以單擊AccessKey 管理，擷取AccessKey ID。
      AccessKey_Secret	當前阿里雲帳號的AccessKey Secret。 您可以單擊AccessKey 管理，擷取AccessKey Secret。
      Database	Hologres的資料庫名稱。 開通Hologres執行個體後，系統自動建立postgres資料庫。 您可以使用postgres資料庫連結Hologres，但是該資料庫分配到的資源較少，開發實際業務建議您建立資料庫。詳情請參見建立資料庫。
      Endpoint	Hologres執行個體的網路地址（Endpoint）。 您可以進入Hologres管理主控台的執行個體詳情頁，從網路資訊地區擷取網路地址。
      Port	Hologres執行個體的網路連接埠。 進入Hologres管理主控台的執行個體詳情頁擷取網路連接埠。
      Client_Num	用戶端數目，即並發度。 例如，本文由於該測試僅測試查詢效能，不測試並發，將並發度置為1即可。
      Query_Seconds	每個用戶端需要執行的每個Query的壓測時間長度（Query_Seconds，秒）。例如，本文該參數取值為300。

資料更新情境

該情境用於測試OLAP引擎在有主鍵情況下資料更新的效能，以及在主鍵衝突時更新整行資料。

• 產生查詢

  echo "
  \set O_ORDERKEY random(1,99999999)
  INSERT INTO public.orders_row(o_orderkey,o_custkey,o_orderstatus,o_totalprice,o_orderdate,o_orderpriority,o_clerk,o_shippriority,o_comment) VALUES (:O_ORDERKEY,1,'demo',1.1,'2021-01-01','demo','demo',1,'demo') on conflict(o_orderkey) do update set (o_orderkey,o_custkey,o_orderstatus,o_totalprice,o_orderdate,o_orderpriority,o_clerk,o_shippriority,o_comment)= ROW(excluded.*);
  " > /root/insert_on_conflict.sql

• 插入及更新，更對參數說明請參見參數說明。

  PGUSER=<AccessKey_ID> PGPASSWORD=<AccessKey_Secret> PGDATABASE=<Database> pgbench -h <Endpoint> -p <Port> -c <Client_Num> -T <Query_Seconds> -M prepared -n -f /root/insert_on_conflict.sql

• 樣本結果

  transaction type: Custom query
  scaling factor: 1
  query mode: prepared
  number of clients: 249
  number of threads: 1
  duration: 60 s
  number of transactions actually processed: 1923038
  tps = 32005.850214 (including connections establishing)
  tps = 36403.145722 (excluding connections establishing)

Flink即時寫入情境

該情境用於測試即時資料寫入能力。

• Hologres DDL

  該情境Hologres的表擁有10列，其中key列為主鍵，Hologres DDL如下。

  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS flink_insert;
  
  BEGIN ;
  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS flink_insert(
    key INT PRIMARY KEY
    ,value1 TEXT
    ,value2 TEXT
    ,value3 TEXT
    ,value4 TEXT
    ,value5 TEXT
    ,value6 TEXT
    ,value7 TEXT
    ,value8 TEXT
    ,value9 TEXT
  );
  CALL SET_TABLE_PROPERTY('flink_insert', 'orientation', 'row');
  CALL SET_TABLE_PROPERTY('flink_insert', 'clustering_key', 'key');
  CALL SET_TABLE_PROPERTY('flink_insert', 'distribution_key', 'key');
  COMMIT;

• Flink作業指令碼

  使用Flink全託管內建的隨機數發生器向Hologres寫入資料，當主鍵衝突時選擇整行更新，單行資料量超過512 B，Flink作業指令碼如下。

  CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE flink_case_1_source (
      key INT,
      value1 VARCHAR,
      value2 VARCHAR,
      value3 VARCHAR,
      value4 VARCHAR,
      value5 VARCHAR,
      value6 VARCHAR,
      value7 VARCHAR,
      value8 VARCHAR,
      value9 VARCHAR
    )
  WITH (
      'connector' = 'datagen',
       -- optional options --
      'rows-per-second' = '1000000000',
      'fields.key.min'='1',
      'fields.key.max'='2147483647',
      'fields.value1.length' = '57',
      'fields.value2.length' = '57',
      'fields.value3.length' = '57',
      'fields.value4.length' = '57',
      'fields.value5.length' = '57',
      'fields.value6.length' = '57',
      'fields.value7.length' = '57',
      'fields.value8.length' = '57',
      'fields.value9.length' = '57'
    );
  
  -- 建立 Hologres 結果表
  CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE flink_case_1_sink (
      key INT,
      value1 VARCHAR,
      value2 VARCHAR,
      value3 VARCHAR,
      value4 VARCHAR,
      value5 VARCHAR,
      value6 VARCHAR,
      value7 VARCHAR,
      value8 VARCHAR,
      value9 VARCHAR
    )
  WITH (
      'connector' = 'hologres',
      'dbname'='<yourDbname>',  --Hologres的資料庫名稱。
      'tablename'='<yourTablename>',  --Hologres用於接收資料的表名稱。
      'username'='<yourUsername>',  --當前阿里雲帳號的AccessKey ID。
      'password'='<yourPassword>',  --當前阿里雲帳號的AccessKey Secret。
      'endpoint'='<yourEndpoint>',  --當前Hologres執行個體VPC網路的Endpoint。
      'connectionSize' = '10',  --預設為3
      'jdbcWriteBatchSize' = '1024',  --預設為256
      'jdbcWriteBatchByteSize' = '2147483647',  --預設為20971520
      'mutatetype'='insertorreplace'  --插入或整行替換已有資料
    );
  
  -- 進行 ETL 操作並寫入資料
  insert into flink_case_1_sink
  select key,
    value1,
    value2,
    value3,
    value4,
    value5,
    value6,
    value7,
    value8,
    value9
  from
    flink_case_1_source
  ;

  參數說明請參見Hologres結果表。

• 樣本結果

  在Hologres的管理主控台的監控資訊頁面，即可看到RPS的數值。

TPC-H 22條查詢語句

• Q1

  select
          l_returnflag,
          l_linestatus,
          sum(l_quantity) as sum_qty,
          sum(l_extendedprice) as sum_base_price,
          sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as sum_disc_price,
          sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) * (1 + l_tax)) as sum_charge,
          avg(l_quantity) as avg_qty,
          avg(l_extendedprice) as avg_price,
          avg(l_discount) as avg_disc,
          count(*) as count_order
  from
          lineitem
  where
          l_shipdate <= date '1998-12-01' - interval '120' day
  group by
          l_returnflag,
          l_linestatus
  order by
          l_returnflag,
          l_linestatus;

• Q2

  select
          s_acctbal,
          s_name,
          n_name,
          p_partkey,
          p_mfgr,
          s_address,
          s_phone,
          s_comment
  from
          part,
          supplier,
          partsupp,
          nation,
          region
  where
          p_partkey = ps_partkey
          and s_suppkey = ps_suppkey
          and p_size = 48
          and p_type like '%STEEL'
          and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
          and n_regionkey = r_regionkey
          and r_name = 'EUROPE'
          and ps_supplycost = (
                  select
                          min(ps_supplycost)
                  from
                          partsupp,
                          supplier,
                          nation,
                          region
                  where
                          p_partkey = ps_partkey
                          and s_suppkey = ps_suppkey
                          and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
                          and n_regionkey = r_regionkey
                          and r_name = 'EUROPE'
          )
  order by
          s_acctbal desc,
          n_name,
          s_name,
          p_partkey
  limit 100;

• Q3

  select
          l_orderkey,
          sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue,
          o_orderdate,
          o_shippriority
  from
          customer,
          orders,
          lineitem
  where
          c_mktsegment = 'MACHINERY'
          and c_custkey = o_custkey
          and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
          and o_orderdate < date '1995-03-23'
          and l_shipdate > date '1995-03-23'
  group by
          l_orderkey,
          o_orderdate,
          o_shippriority
  order by
          revenue desc,
          o_orderdate
  limit 10;

• Q4

  select
          o_orderpriority,
          count(*) as order_count
  from
          orders
  where
          o_orderdate >= date '1996-07-01'
          and o_orderdate < date '1996-07-01' + interval '3' month
          and exists (
                  select
                          *
                  from
                          lineitem
                  where
                          l_orderkey = o_orderkey
                          and l_commitdate < l_receiptdate
          )
  group by
          o_orderpriority
  order by
          o_orderpriority;

• Q5

  select
          n_name,
          sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue
  from
          customer,
          orders,
          lineitem,
          supplier,
          nation,
          region
  where
          c_custkey = o_custkey
          and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
          and l_suppkey = s_suppkey
          and c_nationkey = s_nationkey
          and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
          and n_regionkey = r_regionkey
          and r_name = 'EUROPE'
          and o_orderdate >= date '1996-01-01'
          and o_orderdate < date '1996-01-01' + interval '1' year
  group by
          n_name
  order by
          revenue desc;

• Q6

  select
          sum(l_extendedprice * l_discount) as revenue
  from
          lineitem
  where
          l_shipdate >= date '1996-01-01'
          and l_shipdate < date '1996-01-01' + interval '1' year
          and l_discount between 0.02 - 0.01 and 0.02 + 0.01
          and l_quantity < 24;

• Q7

  select
          supp_nation,
          cust_nation,
          l_year,
          sum(volume) as revenue
  from
          (
                  select
                          n1.n_name as supp_nation,
                          n2.n_name as cust_nation,
                          extract(year from l_shipdate) as l_year,
                          l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) as volume
                  from
                          supplier,
                          lineitem,
                          orders,
                          customer,
                          nation n1,
                          nation n2
                  where
                          s_suppkey = l_suppkey
                          and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
                          and c_custkey = o_custkey
                          and s_nationkey = n1.n_nationkey
                          and c_nationkey = n2.n_nationkey
                          and (
                                  (n1.n_name = 'CANADA' and n2.n_name = 'BRAZIL')
                                  or (n1.n_name = 'BRAZIL' and n2.n_name = 'CANADA')
                          )
                          and l_shipdate between date '1995-01-01' and date '1996-12-31'
          ) as shipping
  group by
          supp_nation,
          cust_nation,
          l_year
  order by
          supp_nation,
          cust_nation,
          l_year;

• Q8

  select
          o_year,
          sum(case
                  when nation = 'BRAZIL' then volume
                  else 0
          end) / sum(volume) as mkt_share
  from
          (
                  select
                          extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
                          l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) as volume,
                          n2.n_name as nation
                  from
                          part,
                          supplier,
                          lineitem,
                          orders,
                          customer,
                          nation n1,
                          nation n2,
                          region
                  where
                          p_partkey = l_partkey
                          and s_suppkey = l_suppkey
                          and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
                          and o_custkey = c_custkey
                          and c_nationkey = n1.n_nationkey
                          and n1.n_regionkey = r_regionkey
                          and r_name = 'AMERICA'
                          and s_nationkey = n2.n_nationkey
                          and o_orderdate between date '1995-01-01' and date '1996-12-31'
                          and p_type = 'LARGE ANODIZED COPPER'
          ) as all_nations
  group by
          o_year
  order by
          o_year;

• Q9

  select
          nation,
          o_year,
          sum(amount) as sum_profit
  from
          (
                  select
                          n_name as nation,
                          extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
                          l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost * l_quantity as amount
                  from
                          part,
                          supplier,
                          lineitem,
                          partsupp,
                          orders,
                          nation
                  where
                          s_suppkey = l_suppkey
                          and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
                          and ps_partkey = l_partkey
                          and p_partkey = l_partkey
                          and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
                          and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
                          and p_name like '%maroon%'
          ) as profit
  group by
          nation,
          o_year
  order by
          nation,
          o_year desc;

• Q10

  select
          c_custkey,
          c_name,
          sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue,
          c_acctbal,
          n_name,
          c_address,
          c_phone,
          c_comment
  from
          customer,
          orders,
          lineitem,
          nation
  where
          c_custkey = o_custkey
          and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
          and o_orderdate >= date '1993-02-01'
          and o_orderdate < date '1993-02-01' + interval '3' month
          and l_returnflag = 'R'
          and c_nationkey = n_nationkey
  group by
          c_custkey,
          c_name,
          c_acctbal,
          c_phone,
          n_name,
          c_address,
          c_comment
  order by
          revenue desc
  limit 20;

• Q11

  select
          ps_partkey,
          sum(ps_supplycost * ps_availqty) as value
  from
          partsupp,
          supplier,
          nation
  where
          ps_suppkey = s_suppkey
          and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
          and n_name = 'EGYPT'
  group by
          ps_partkey having
                  sum(ps_supplycost * ps_availqty) > (
                          select
                                  sum(ps_supplycost * ps_availqty) * 0.0001000000
                          from
                                  partsupp,
                                  supplier,
                                  nation
                          where
                                  ps_suppkey = s_suppkey
                                  and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
                                  and n_name = 'EGYPT'
                  )
  order by
          value desc;

• Q12

  select
          l_shipmode,
          sum(case
                  when o_orderpriority = '1-URGENT'
                          or o_orderpriority = '2-HIGH'
                          then 1
                  else 0
          end) as high_line_count,
          sum(case
                  when o_orderpriority <> '1-URGENT'
                          and o_orderpriority <> '2-HIGH'
                          then 1
                  else 0
          end) as low_line_count
  from
          orders,
          lineitem
  where
          o_orderkey = l_orderkey
          and l_shipmode in ('FOB', 'AIR')
          and l_commitdate < l_receiptdate
          and l_shipdate < l_commitdate
          and l_receiptdate >= date '1997-01-01'
          and l_receiptdate < date '1997-01-01' + interval '1' year
  group by
          l_shipmode
  order by
          l_shipmode;

• Q13

  select
          c_count,
          count(*) as custdist
  from
          (
                  select
                          c_custkey,
                          count(o_orderkey) as c_count
                  from
                          customer left outer join orders on
                                  c_custkey = o_custkey
                                  and o_comment not like '%special%deposits%'
                  group by
                          c_custkey
          ) c_orders
  group by
          c_count
  order by
          custdist desc,
          c_count desc;

• Q14

  select
          100.00 * sum(case
                  when p_type like 'PROMO%'
                          then l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)
                  else 0
          end) / sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as promo_revenue
  from
          lineitem,
          part
  where
          l_partkey = p_partkey
          and l_shipdate >= date '1997-06-01'
          and l_shipdate < date '1997-06-01' + interval '1' month;

• Q15

  with revenue0(SUPPLIER_NO, TOTAL_REVENUE)  as
      (
      select
          l_suppkey,
          sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount))
      from
          lineitem
      where
          l_shipdate >= date '1995-02-01'
          and l_shipdate < date '1995-02-01' + interval '3' month
      group by
          l_suppkey
      )
  select
      s_suppkey,
      s_name,
      s_address,
      s_phone,
      total_revenue
  from
      supplier,
      revenue0
  where
      s_suppkey = supplier_no
      and total_revenue = (
          select
              max(total_revenue)
          from
              revenue0
      )
  order by
      s_suppkey;

• Q16

  select
          p_brand,
          p_type,
          p_size,
          count(distinct ps_suppkey) as supplier_cnt
  from
          partsupp,
          part
  where
          p_partkey = ps_partkey
          and p_brand <> 'Brand#45'
          and p_type not like 'SMALL ANODIZED%'
          and p_size in (47, 15, 37, 30, 46, 16, 18, 6)
          and ps_suppkey not in (
                  select
                          s_suppkey
                  from
                          supplier
                  where
                          s_comment like '%Customer%Complaints%'
          )
  group by
          p_brand,
          p_type,
          p_size
  order by
          supplier_cnt desc,
          p_brand,
          p_type,
          p_size;

• Q17

  select
          sum(l_extendedprice) / 7.0 as avg_yearly
  from
          lineitem,
          part
  where
          p_partkey = l_partkey
          and p_brand = 'Brand#51'
          and p_container = 'WRAP PACK'
          and l_quantity < (
                  select
                          0.2 * avg(l_quantity)
                  from
                          lineitem
                  where
                          l_partkey = p_partkey
          );

• Q18

  select
          c_name,
          c_custkey,
          o_orderkey,
          o_orderdate,
          o_totalprice,
          sum(l_quantity)
  from
          customer,
          orders,
          lineitem
  where
          o_orderkey in (
                  select
                          l_orderkey
                  from
                          lineitem
                  group by
                          l_orderkey having
                                  sum(l_quantity) > 312
          )
          and c_custkey = o_custkey
          and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
  group by
          c_name,
          c_custkey,
          o_orderkey,
          o_orderdate,
          o_totalprice
  order by
          o_totalprice desc,
          o_orderdate
  limit 100;

• Q19

  select
          sum(l_extendedprice* (1 - l_discount)) as revenue
  from
          lineitem,
          part
  where
          (
                  p_partkey = l_partkey
                  and p_brand = 'Brand#52'
                  and p_container in ('SM CASE', 'SM BOX', 'SM PACK', 'SM PKG')
                  and l_quantity >= 3 and l_quantity <= 3 + 10
                  and p_size between 1 and 5
                  and l_shipmode in ('AIR', 'AIR REG')
                  and l_shipinstruct = 'DELIVER IN PERSON'
          )
          or
          (
                  p_partkey = l_partkey
                  and p_brand = 'Brand#43'
                  and p_container in ('MED BAG', 'MED BOX', 'MED PKG', 'MED PACK')
                  and l_quantity >= 12 and l_quantity <= 12 + 10
                  and p_size between 1 and 10
                  and l_shipmode in ('AIR', 'AIR REG')
                  and l_shipinstruct = 'DELIVER IN PERSON'
          )
          or
          (
                  p_partkey = l_partkey
                  and p_brand = 'Brand#52'
                  and p_container in ('LG CASE', 'LG BOX', 'LG PACK', 'LG PKG')
                  and l_quantity >= 21 and l_quantity <= 21 + 10
                  and p_size between 1 and 15
                  and l_shipmode in ('AIR', 'AIR REG')
                  and l_shipinstruct = 'DELIVER IN PERSON'
          );

• Q20

  select
          s_name,
          s_address
  from
          supplier,
          nation
  where
          s_suppkey in (
                  select
                          ps_suppkey
                  from
                          partsupp
                  where
                          ps_partkey in (
                                  select
                                          p_partkey
                                  from
                                          part
                                  where
                                          p_name like 'drab%'
                          )
                          and ps_availqty > (
                                  select
                                          0.5 * sum(l_quantity)
                                  from
                                          lineitem
                                  where
                                          l_partkey = ps_partkey
                                          and l_suppkey = ps_suppkey
                                          and l_shipdate >= date '1996-01-01'
                                          and l_shipdate < date '1996-01-01' + interval '1' year
                          )
          )
          and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
          and n_name = 'KENYA'
  order by
          s_name;

• Q21

  select
          s_name,
          count(*) as numwait
  from
          supplier,
          lineitem l1,
          orders,
          nation
  where
          s_suppkey = l1.l_suppkey
          and o_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
          and o_orderstatus = 'F'
          and l1.l_receiptdate > l1.l_commitdate
          and exists (
                  select
                          *
                  from
                          lineitem l2
                  where
                          l2.l_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
                          and l2.l_suppkey <> l1.l_suppkey
          )
          and not exists (
                  select
                          *
                  from
                          lineitem l3
                  where
                          l3.l_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
                          and l3.l_suppkey <> l1.l_suppkey
                          and l3.l_receiptdate > l3.l_commitdate
          )
          and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
          and n_name = 'PERU'
  group by
          s_name
  order by
          numwait desc,
          s_name
  limit 100;

• Q22

  select
          cntrycode,
          count(*) as numcust,
          sum(c_acctbal) as totacctbal
  from
          (
                  select
                          substring(c_phone from 1 for 2) as cntrycode,
                          c_acctbal
                  from
                          customer
                  where
                          substring(c_phone from 1 for 2) in
                                  ('24', '32', '17', '18', '12', '14', '22')
                          and c_acctbal > (
                                  select
                                          avg(c_acctbal)
                                  from
                                          customer
                                  where
                                          c_acctbal > 0.00
                                          and substring(c_phone from 1 for 2) in
                                                  ('24', '32', '17', '18', '12', '14', '22')
                          )
                          and not exists (
                                  select
                                          *
                                  from
                                          orders
                                  where
                                          o_custkey = c_custkey
                          )
          ) as custsale
  group by
          cntrycode
  order by
          cntrycode;