Composite partitioning provides the advantages of two-dimensional partitioning. In terms of performance, you can take advantage of partition pruning in one or two dimensions based on SQL statements.
Subpartitioning allows you to subdivide tables, indexes, and indexed tables into smaller blocks, for fine-grained management on and access to these objects. For example, you can implement a tumbling window for a partition to support historical data partitioning and subpartitioning in another dimension.
The database stores each subpartition in the subpartitioned table as a separate physical table. Therefore, the attributes of a subpartition are independent of those of the table or partition to which the subpartition belongs, and therefore are more flexible in use.