Object Storage Service:Configure access credentials for OSS SDK for Go

Select a credential provider

OSS supports multiple methods to initialize a credential provider. You can select a suitable method based on the authentication and authorization requirements of your actual scenario.

Method 1: Use an AccessKey pair

If your application is deployed in a secure and stable environment that is not vulnerable to external attacks and requires long-term access to OSS, you can use an AccessKey pair of your Alibaba Cloud account or a RAM user to initialize a credential provider. The AccessKey pair consists of an AccessKey ID and an AccessKey secret. Take note that this method requires you to manually maintain an AccessKey pair. This poses security risks and increases maintenance complexity. For more information about how to obtain an AccessKey pair, see CreateAccessKey.

Environment variables

1. Use the AccessKey pair to specify environment variables.

   Mac OS X/Linux/Unix

   export OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=<ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID>
   export OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET=<ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET>

   Windows

   set OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=<ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID>
   set OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET=<ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET>

2. Use environment variables to pass credentials.

   package main
   
   import (
   	"fmt"
   	"os"
   
   	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
   )
   
   func main() {
   	// Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are configured. 
   	provider, err := oss.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   	// Create an OSSClient instance. 
   	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint.
   	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou. Specify the actual region.
   	clientOptions := []oss.ClientOption{oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider)}
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.Region("yourRegion"))
   	// Specify the version of the signature algorithm.
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
   	client, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", clientOptions...)
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   	fmt.Printf("client:%#v\n",client)
   }
   

Static credentials

You can use credentials by specifying variables in your code. In a runtime environment, the variables may be passed by actual credential values from environment variables, configuration files, or other external data sources.

The following procedure describes how to use a configuration file to pass credentials.

go get -u github.com/go-ini/ini

1. Create a configuration file named config.ini.

   [credentials]
   alibaba_cloud_access_key_id = <ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID>
   alibaba_cloud_access_key_secret = <ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET>

2. Use the configuration file to pass credentials.

   package main
   
   import (
   	"fmt"
   	"os"
   
   	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
   	"gopkg.in/ini.v1"
   )
   
   type defaultCredentials struct {
   	config *oss.Config
   }
   
   func (defCre *defaultCredentials) GetAccessKeyID() string {
   	return defCre.config.AccessKeyID
   }
   
   func (defCre *defaultCredentials) GetAccessKeySecret() string {
   	return defCre.config.AccessKeySecret
   }
   
   func (defCre *defaultCredentials) GetSecurityToken() string {
   	return defCre.config.SecurityToken
   }
   
   type defaultCredentialsProvider struct {
   	config *oss.Config
   }
   
   func (defBuild *defaultCredentialsProvider) GetCredentials() oss.Credentials {
   	return &defaultCredentials{config: defBuild.config}
   }
   func NewDefaultCredentialsProvider(accessID, accessKey, token string) (defaultCredentialsProvider, error) {
   	var provider defaultCredentialsProvider
   	if accessID == "" {
   		return provider, fmt.Errorf("access key id is empty!")
   	}
   	if accessKey == "" {
   		return provider, fmt.Errorf("access key secret is empty!")
   	}
   	config := &oss.Config{
   		AccessKeyID:     accessID,
   		AccessKeySecret: accessKey,
   		SecurityToken:   token,
   	}
   	return defaultCredentialsProvider{
   		config,
   	}, nil
   }
   
   func main() {
   	cfg, err := ini.Load("config.ini")
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error loading config file:", err)
   		return
   	}
   	accessKeyID := cfg.Section("credentials").Key("alibaba_cloud_access_key_id").String()
   	accessKeySecret := cfg.Section("credentials").Key("alibaba_cloud_access_key_secret").String()
   	provider, err := NewDefaultCredentialsProvider(accessKeyID, accessKeySecret, "")
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint.
   	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou. Specify the actual region.
   	clientOptions := []oss.ClientOption{oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider)}
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.Region("yourRegion"))
   	// Specify the version of the signature algorithm.
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
   	client, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", clientOptions...)
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   	fmt.Printf("client:%#v\n", client)
   }
   

Method 2: Use a security token

If your application needs to access OSS temporarily, you can use temporary access credentials, which consist of an AccessKey pair and a security token, obtained from Security Token Service (STS) to initialize a credential provider. Take note that this method requires you to manually maintain a security token. This poses security risks and increases maintenance complexity. If you want to access OSS multiple times, you must manually refresh the security token. For more information about how to obtain a security token, see AssumeRole.

Environment variables

1. Use temporary access credentials to specify environment variables.

   Mac OS X/Linux/Unix

   export OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=<ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID>
   export OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET=<ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET>
   export OSS_SESSION_TOKEN=<ALIBABA_CLOUD_SECURITY_TOKEN>

   Windows

   set OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=<ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID>
   set OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET=<ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET>
   set OSS_SESSION_TOKEN=<ALIBABA_CLOUD_SECURITY_TOKEN>

2. Specify environment variables to pass temporary access credentials.

   package main
   
   import (
   	"fmt"
   	"os"
   
   	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
   )
   
   func main() {
   	// Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID, OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET, and OSS_SESSION_TOKEN environment variables are configured. 
   	provider, err := oss.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   	// Create an OSSClient instance. 
   	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint.
   	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou. Specify the actual region.
   	clientOptions := []oss.ClientOption{oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider)}
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.Region("yourRegion"))
   	// Specify the version of the signature algorithm.
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
   	client, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", clientOptions...)
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   	fmt.Printf("client:%#v\n",client)
   }
   

Static credentials

You can use credentials by specifying variables in your code. In a runtime environment, the variables may be passed by actual credential values from environment variables, configuration files, or other external data sources.

The following procedure describes how to use a configuration file to pass credentials.

go get -u github.com/go-ini/ini

1. Create a configuration file named config.ini.

   [credentials]
   alibaba_cloud_access_key_id = <ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID>
   alibaba_cloud_access_key_secret = <ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET>
   alibaba_cloud_security_token = <ALIBABA_CLOUD_SECURITY_TOKEN>

2. Use the configuration file to pass credentials.

   package main
   
   import (
   	"fmt"
   	"os"
   
   	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
   	"gopkg.in/ini.v1"
   )
   
   type defaultCredentials struct {
   	config *oss.Config
   }
   
   func (defCre *defaultCredentials) GetAccessKeyID() string {
   	return defCre.config.AccessKeyID
   }
   
   func (defCre *defaultCredentials) GetAccessKeySecret() string {
   	return defCre.config.AccessKeySecret
   }
   
   func (defCre *defaultCredentials) GetSecurityToken() string {
   	return defCre.config.SecurityToken
   }
   
   type defaultCredentialsProvider struct {
   	config *oss.Config
   }
   
   func (defBuild *defaultCredentialsProvider) GetCredentials() oss.Credentials {
   	return &defaultCredentials{config: defBuild.config}
   }
   func NewDefaultCredentialsProvider(accessID, accessKey, token string) (defaultCredentialsProvider, error) {
   	var provider defaultCredentialsProvider
   	if accessID == "" {
   		return provider, fmt.Errorf("access key id is empty!")
   	}
   	if accessKey == "" {
   		return provider, fmt.Errorf("access key secret is empty!")
   	}
   	config := &oss.Config{
   		AccessKeyID:     accessID,
   		AccessKeySecret: accessKey,
   		SecurityToken:   token,
   	}
   	return defaultCredentialsProvider{
   		config,
   	}, nil
   }
   
   func main() {
   	cfg, err := ini.Load("config.ini")
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error loading config file:", err)
   		return
   	}
   	accessKeyID := cfg.Section("credentials").Key("alibaba_cloud_access_key_id").String()
   	accessKeySecret := cfg.Section("credentials").Key("alibaba_cloud_access_key_secret").String()
   	token := cfg.Section("credentials").Key("alibaba_cloud_security_token").String()
   	provider, err := NewDefaultCredentialsProvider(accessKeyID, accessKeySecret, token)
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint.
   	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou. Specify the actual region.
   	clientOptions := []oss.ClientOption{oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider)}
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.Region("yourRegion"))
   	// Specify the version of the signature algorithm.
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
   	client, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", clientOptions...)
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   	fmt.Printf("client:%#v\n", client)
   }
   

Method 3: Use RAMRoleARN

If your application needs to be authorized to access OSS, for example, when you access the OSS resources of another Alibaba Cloud account, you can use RAMRoleARN to initialize a credential provider. The underlying logic of this method is to use a security token obtained from STS to configure access credentials. By specifying the Alibaba Cloud Resource Name (ARN) of a RAM role, the Credentials tool obtains the security token from STS and automatically refreshes the security token before the session expires. You can assign a value to the policy parameter to limit the RAM role permissions. Take note that this method requires you to manually provide an AccessKey pair and a security token. This poses security risks and increases maintenance complexity. For more information about how to obtain an AccessKey pair or a security token, see CreateAccessKey or AssumeRole. For more information about how to obtain the RAM role ARN, see CreateRole.

Use the AccessKey pair and RAMRoleARN

1. Add the credentials dependency.

   go get github.com/aliyun/credentials-go/credentials

2. Configure access credentials.

   package main
   
   import (
   	"fmt"
   	"os"
   
   	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
   	"github.com/aliyun/credentials-go/credentials"
   )
   
   type Credentials struct {
   	AccessKeyId     string
   	AccessKeySecret string
   	SecurityToken   string
   }
   
   type defaultCredentialsProvider struct {
   	cred credentials.Credential
   }
   
   func (credentials *Credentials) GetAccessKeyID() string {
   	return credentials.AccessKeyId
   }
   
   func (credentials *Credentials) GetAccessKeySecret() string {
   	return credentials.AccessKeySecret
   }
   
   func (credentials *Credentials) GetSecurityToken() string {
   	return credentials.SecurityToken
   }
   
   func (defBuild *defaultCredentialsProvider) GetCredentials() oss.Credentials {
   	cred, _ := defBuild.cred.GetCredential()
   	return &Credentials{
   		AccessKeyId:     *cred.AccessKeyId,
   		AccessKeySecret: *cred.AccessKeySecret,
   		SecurityToken:   *cred.SecurityToken,
   	}
   }
   
   func NewRamRoleArnCredentialsProvider(credential credentials.Credential) defaultCredentialsProvider {
   	return defaultCredentialsProvider{
   		cred: credential,
   	}
   }
   
   func main() {
   	config := new(credentials.Config).
   		// Set the credential type to ram_role_arn. 
   		SetType("ram_role_arn").
   		// Obtain the AccessKey ID and AccessKey secret of the RAM user from the environment variables. 
   		SetAccessKeyId(os.Getenv("ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID")).
   		SetAccessKeySecret(os.Getenv("ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET")).
                   // By default, the values of the parameters are directly entered for the following operations. You can also add environment variables and use os.Getenv("<variable name>") to specify the corresponding parameters.
   		// Obtain the ARN of the RAM role from the environment variable, which is the ID of the RAM role to be assumed. Format: acs:ram::$accountID:role/$roleName. 
   		SetRoleArn("ALIBABA_CLOUD_ROLE_ARN"). // By default, the canonical name of the RoleArn environment variable is ALIBABA_CLOUD_ROLE_ARN.
   		// Specify a custom session name for the role to distinguish different tokens. 
   		SetRoleSessionName("ALIBABA_CLOUD_ROLE_SESSION_NAME"). // RoleSessionName default environment variable canonical name ALIBABA_CLOUD_ROLE_SESSION_NAME
   		// (Optional) Specify the permissions of the security token. 
   		SetPolicy("").
   		// (Optional) Specify the validity period of the security token. 
   		SetRoleSessionExpiration(3600)
   
   	arnCredential, err := credentials.NewCredential(config)
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   
   	provider := NewRamRoleArnCredentialsProvider(arnCredential)
   	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint.
   	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou. Specify the actual region.
   	clientOptions := []oss.ClientOption{oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider)}
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.Region("yourRegion"))
   	// Specify the version of the signature algorithm.
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
   	client, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", clientOptions...)
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   
   	fmt.Printf("client:%#v\n", client)
   }
   

Method 4: Use ECSRAMRole

If your application runs on an ECS instance, an elastic container instance, or an ACK worker node, we recommend that you use ECSRAMRole to initialize a credential provider. The underlying logic of this method is to use a security token obtained from STS to configure access credentials. ECSRAMRole allows you to attach a RAM role to an ECS instance, an elastic container instance, or an ACK worker node to automatically refresh the security token on the instance. This method eliminates the risks that may arise when you manually maintain an AccessKey pair or a security token. For more information about how to obtain the ECSRAMRole role, see CreateRole.

1. Add the credentials dependency.

   go get github.com/aliyun/credentials-go/credentials

2. Configure ECSRAMRole as the access credential.

   package main
   
   import (
   	"fmt"
   	"os"
   
   	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
   	"github.com/aliyun/credentials-go/credentials"
   )
   
   type Credentials struct {
   	AccessKeyId     string
   	AccessKeySecret string
   	SecurityToken   string
   }
   
   type CredentialsProvider struct {
   	cred credentials.Credential
   }
   
   func (credentials *Credentials) GetAccessKeyID() string {
   	return credentials.AccessKeyId
   }
   
   func (credentials *Credentials) GetAccessKeySecret() string {
   	return credentials.AccessKeySecret
   }
   
   func (credentials *Credentials) GetSecurityToken() string {
   	return credentials.SecurityToken
   }
   
   func (defBuild CredentialsProvider) GetCredentials() oss.Credentials {
   	cred, _ := defBuild.cred.GetCredential()
   	return &Credentials{
   		AccessKeyId:     *cred.AccessKeyId,
   		AccessKeySecret: *cred.AccessKeySecret,
   		SecurityToken:   *cred.SecurityToken,
   	}
   }
   
   func NewEcsCredentialsProvider(credential credentials.Credential) CredentialsProvider {
   	return CredentialsProvider{
   		cred: credential,
   	}
   }
   
   func main() {
   	config := new(credentials.Config).
   		// Set the credential type to ecs_ram_role. 
   		SetType("ecs_ram_role").
   		// (Optional) Specify the role name. If you do not specify the role name, OSS automatically generates a role name. We recommend that you specify a role name to reduce the number of requests. 
   		SetRoleName("RoleName")
   
   	ecsCredential, err := credentials.NewCredential(config)
   	if err != nil {
   		return
   	}
   	provider := NewEcsCredentialsProvider(ecsCredential)
   	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint.
   	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou. Specify the actual region.
   	clientOptions := []oss.ClientOption{oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider)}
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.Region("yourRegion"))
   	// Specify the version of the signature algorithm.
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
   	client, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", clientOptions...)
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   	fmt.Printf("client:%#v\n", client)
   
   }
   

Method 5: Use OIDCRoleARN

After the RAM role is configured on the ACK worker node, the application in a pod on the node can obtain the security token of the attached role by using the metadata server in the same manner as an application deployed on an ECS instance does. However, if an untrusted application is deployed on the worker node, such as an application that is submitted by your customer and whose code is unavailable to you, you may not want the application to use the metadata server to obtain a security token of the RAM role attached to the worker node. To ensure the security of cloud resources, allow untrusted applications to securely obtain the required security token, and minimize application-level permissions, you can use the RAM Roles for Service Account (RRSA) feature. The underlying logic of this method is to use a security token obtained from STS to configure access credentials. ACK creates and mounts corresponding OpenID Connect (OIDC) token files for different application pods, and passes relevant configuration information to environment variables. The Credentials tool obtains the configuration information of environment variables and calls the AssumeRoleWithOIDC operation of STS to obtain the security token of attached roles. This method eliminates the risks that may arise when you manually maintain an AccessKey pair or a security token. For more information, see Use RRSA to authorize different pods to access different cloud services.

Method 6: Use the Credentials parameter in the context of Function Compute

If the function of your application is deployed and run in Function Compute, you can initialize the credential provider by using the Credentials parameter in the context of Function Compute. The underlying logic of this method is to use a security token obtained from STS to configure access credentials. Function Compute obtains a security token by assuming a service role based on the role configured for the function. Then, the security token is passed to your application by using the Credentials parameter in the context of Function Compute. The security token is valid for 36 hours. You cannot change its validity period. The maximum execution time of a function is 24 hours. Therefore, you do not need to refresh the security token because it does not expire when the function is executed. This method eliminates the risks that may arise when you manually maintain an AccessKey pair or a security token. For more information about how to authorize Function Compute to access OSS, see Grant Function Compute permissions to access other Alibaba Cloud services.

1. Add Function Compute context dependencies.

   go get github.com/aliyun/fc-runtime-go-sdk/fc
   go get github.com/aliyun/fc-runtime-go-sdk/fccontext

2. Initialize the credential provider by using the Credentials parameter in the Function Compute context.

   package main
   
   import (
   	"context"
   	"fmt"
   	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
   	"github.com/aliyun/fc-runtime-go-sdk/fc"
   	"github.com/aliyun/fc-runtime-go-sdk/fccontext"
   )
   
   type GetObjectContext struct {
   	OutputRoute string `json:"outputRoute"`
   	OutputToken string `json:"outputToken"`
   	InputOssUrl string `json:"inputOssUrl"`
   }
   
   type StructEvent struct {
   	GetObjectContext GetObjectContext `json:"getObjectContext"`
   }
   
   func HandleRequest(ctx context.Context, event StructEvent) error {
   	endpoint := event.GetObjectContext.OutputRoute
   	fctx, _ := fccontext.FromContext(ctx)
   	client, err := oss.New(endpoint, fctx.Credentials.AccessKeyId, fctx.Credentials.AccessKeySecret, oss.SecurityToken(fctx.Credentials.SecurityToken))
   	if err != nil {
   		return fmt.Errorf("client new error: %v", err)
   	}
   	fmt.Printf("client:%#v\n", client)
   	return nil
   }
   
   func main() {
   	fc.Start(HandleRequest)
   }
   

Method 7: Use CredentialsURI

If your application needs to obtain an Alibaba Cloud credential from an external system to implement flexible credential management and keyless access, you can use the CredentialsURI to initialize a credential provider. The underlying logic of this method is to use a security token obtained from STS to configure access credentials. The Credentials tool obtains the security token by using the URI that you specify to initialize an OSSClient instance on the client. This method eliminates the risks that may arise when you manually maintain an AccessKey pair or a security token. Take note that the backend service that provides the CredentialsURI response must automatically refresh the security token to ensure that your application can always obtain a valid credential.

1. To allow the Credentials tool to correctly parse and use a security token, the URI must comply with the following response protocol:

   • Response status code: 200

   • Response body structure:

     {
         "Code": "Success",
         "AccessKeySecret": "AccessKeySecret",
         "AccessKeyId": "AccessKeyId",
         "Expiration": "2021-09-26T03:46:38Z",
         "SecurityToken": "SecurityToken"
     }

2. Add the credentials dependency.

   go get github.com/aliyun/credentials-go/credentials

3. Configure the CredentialsURI as the access credential.

   package main
   
   import (
   	"fmt"
   	"os"
   
   	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
   	"github.com/aliyun/credentials-go/credentials"
   )
   
   type Credentials struct {
   	AccessKeyId     string
   	AccessKeySecret string
   	SecurityToken   string
   }
   
   type CredentialsProvider struct {
   	cred credentials.Credential
   }
   
   func (credentials *Credentials) GetAccessKeyID() string {
   	return credentials.AccessKeyId
   }
   
   func (credentials *Credentials) GetAccessKeySecret() string {
   	return credentials.AccessKeySecret
   }
   
   func (credentials *Credentials) GetSecurityToken() string {
   	return credentials.SecurityToken
   }
   
   func (defBuild CredentialsProvider) GetCredentials() oss.Credentials {
   	cred, _ := defBuild.cred.GetCredential()
   	return &Credentials{
   		AccessKeyId:     *cred.AccessKeyId,
   		AccessKeySecret: *cred.AccessKeySecret,
   		SecurityToken:   *cred.SecurityToken,
   	}
   }
   
   func NewCredentialsUriCredentialsProvider(credential credentials.Credential) CredentialsProvider {
   	return CredentialsProvider{
   		cred: credential,
   	}
   }
   
   func main() {
   	config := new(credentials.Config).
   		// Set the credential type to credentials_uri. 
   		SetType("credentials_uri").
   		// Specify the URL. You can also specify environment variables and use os.Getenv(<variable name>) to pass parameters. 
   		// By default, the canonical name of the URLCredential environment variable is ALIBABA_CLOUD_CREDENTIALS_URI.
   		SetURLCredential("http://127.0.0.1")
   	uriCredential, err := credentials.NewCredential(config)
   	if err != nil {
   		return
   	}
   	provider := NewCredentialsUriCredentialsProvider(uriCredential)
   	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint.
   	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou. Specify the actual region.
   	clientOptions := []oss.ClientOption{oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider)}
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.Region("yourRegion"))
   	// Specify the version of the signature algorithm.
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
   	client, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", clientOptions...)
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   	fmt.Printf("client:%#v\n", client)
   }
   

Method 8: Use an AccessKey pair that automatically rotates

If your application needs to access OSS for a long period of time, but the runtime environment faces the risk of AccessKey pair leaks, you need to manually rotate the AccessKey pair. In this case, you can use a client key to initialize the credential provider. The underlying logic of this method is to use an AccessKey pair to access OSS resources. After you use a client key, Key Management Service (KMS) can automatically and regularly rotate the AccessKey pair of a managed RAM user and dynamically change the static AccessKey pair of a RAM user. This reduces the risk of AccessKey pair leaks. KMS also supports immediate rotation to quickly replace a leaked AccessKey pair. This eliminates the need to manually maintain an AccessKey pair and reduces security risks and maintenance complexity. For more information about how to obtain a client key, see Create an AAP.

1. Run the go get command to use the secret client in your project.

   go get -u github.com/aliyun/aliyun-secretsmanager-client-go

2. Create a configuration file named secretsmanager.properties.

   # Specify the access credential type.
   credentials_type=client_key
   
   # Specify the password of the client key. You can obtain the password from environment variables or files.
   client_key_password_from_env_variable=#your client key private key password environment variable name#
   client_key_password_from_file_path=#your client key private key password file path#
   
   # Specify the path of the private key file of the client key.
   client_key_private_key_path=#your client key private key file path#
   
   # Specify the ID of the region in which you want to use KMS.
   cache_client_region_id=[{"regionId":"#regionId#"}]

3. Construct a client.

   package main
   
   import (
   	"encoding/json"
   	"fmt"
   	"os"
   
   	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
   	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-secretsmanager-client-go/sdk"
   )
   
   type defaultCredentials struct {
   	config *oss.Config
   }
   
   func (defCre *defaultCredentials) GetAccessKeyID() string {
   	return defCre.config.AccessKeyID
   }
   
   func (defCre *defaultCredentials) GetAccessKeySecret() string {
   	return defCre.config.AccessKeySecret
   }
   
   func (defCre *defaultCredentials) GetSecurityToken() string {
   	return defCre.config.SecurityToken
   }
   
   type defaultCredentialsProvider struct {
   	config *oss.Config
   }
   
   func (defBuild *defaultCredentialsProvider) GetCredentials() oss.Credentials {
   	return &defaultCredentials{config: defBuild.config}
   }
   func NewDefaultCredentialsProvider(accessID, accessKey, token string) (defaultCredentialsProvider, error) {
   	var provider defaultCredentialsProvider
   	if accessID == "" {
   		return provider, fmt.Errorf("access key id is empty!")
   	}
   	if accessKey == "" {
   		return provider, fmt.Errorf("access key secret is empty!")
   	}
   	config := &oss.Config{
   		AccessKeyID:     accessID,
   		AccessKeySecret: accessKey,
   		SecurityToken:   token,
   	}
   	return defaultCredentialsProvider{
   		config,
   	}, nil
   }
   
   func main() {
   	client, err := sdk.NewClient()
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   	secretInfo, err := client.GetSecretInfo("#secretName#")
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   	fmt.Printf("SecretValue:%s\n", secretInfo.SecretValue)
   	var m map[string]string
   	err = json.Unmarshal([]byte(secretInfo.SecretValue), &m)
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error decoding JSON:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   	accessKeyId := m["AccessKeyId"]
   	accessKeySecret := m["AccessKeySecret"]
   	provider, err := NewDefaultCredentialsProvider(accessKeyId, accessKeySecret, "")
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint.
   	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou. Specify the actual region.
   	clientOptions := []oss.ClientOption{oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider)}
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.Region("yourRegion"))
   	// Specify the version of the signature algorithm.
   	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
   	ossClient, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", clientOptions...)
   	if err != nil {
   		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
   		os.Exit(-1)
   	}
   	fmt.Printf("client:%#v\n", ossClient)
   }
   

Method 9: Use custom access credentials

If none of the preceding methods meet your requirements, you can specify a custom method to obtain access credentials by calling the CredentialsProvider operation.

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"os"

	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
)

type CustomerCredentialsProvider struct {
	config *oss.Config
}

func NewCustomerCredentialsProvider() CustomerCredentialsProvider {
	return CustomerCredentialsProvider{}
}

func (s CustomerCredentialsProvider) GetCredentials() oss.Credentials {
	// Return long-term credentials.
	config := &oss.Config{
		AccessKeyID:     "id",
		AccessKeySecret: "secret",
	}
	return &CustomerCredentialsProvider{
		config,
	}
	// Return temporary credentials.
	//config := &oss.Config{
	//	AccessKeyID:     "id",
	//	AccessKeySecret: "secret",
	//	SecurityToken:   "token",
	//}
	//return &CustomerCredentialsProvider{
	//	config,
	//}
}

func (s *CustomerCredentialsProvider) GetAccessKeyID() string {
	return s.config.AccessKeyID
}

func (s *CustomerCredentialsProvider) GetAccessKeySecret() string {
	return s.config.AccessKeySecret
}

func (s *CustomerCredentialsProvider) GetSecurityToken() string {
	return s.config.SecurityToken
}

func main() {
	provider := NewCustomerCredentialsProvider()
	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint.
	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou. Specify the actual region.
	clientOptions := []oss.ClientOption{oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider)}
	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.Region("yourRegion"))
	// Specify the version of the signature algorithm.
	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
	client, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", clientOptions...)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("Error:", err)
		os.Exit(-1)
	}
	fmt.Printf("client:%#v\n", client)
}