Use the SDK for C++ to configure Referer-based hotlink protection to prevent unauthorized reference to OSS objects - Object Storage Service

You can configure a Referer whitelist or a Referer blacklist and specify whether to allow a request with an empty Referer for an Object Storage Service (OSS) bucket to prevent unauthorized access to resources in the bucket and unexpected traffic fees.

Usage notes

Before you configure hotlink protection, make sure that you familiarize yourself with this feature. For more information, see Hotlink protection.
In this topic, the public endpoint of the China (Hangzhou) region is used. If you want to access OSS from other Alibaba Cloud services in the same region as OSS, use an internal endpoint. For more information about OSS regions and endpoints, see Regions and endpoints.
In this topic, an OSSClient instance is created by using an OSS endpoint. If you want to create an OSSClient by using custom domain names or Security Token Service (STS), see Create an OSSClient instance.
To configure hotlink protection, you must have the oss:PutBucketReferer permission. To query hotlink protection configurations, you must have the oss:GetBucketReferer permission. For more information, see Attach a custom policy to a RAM user.

Configure hotlink protection for a bucket

The following sample code provides an example on how to configure hotlink protection for a bucket:

#include <alibabacloud/oss/OssClient.h>
using namespace AlibabaCloud::OSS;

int main(void)
{
    /* Initialize information about the account that is used to access OSS. */
    
    /* Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. */
    std::string Endpoint = "yourEndpoint";
    /* Specify the name of the bucket. Example: examplebucket. */
    std::string BucketName = "examplebucket";

    /* Initialize resources, such as network resources. */
    InitializeSdk();

    ClientConfiguration conf;
    /* Obtain access credential from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are configured. */
    auto credentialsProvider = std::make_shared<EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider>();
    OssClient client(Endpoint, credentialsProvider, conf);

    /* Configure hotlink protection. */
    SetBucketRefererRequest request(BucketName);
    request.addReferer("http://www.aliyun.com");
    request.addReferer("https://www.aliyun.com");
    /* request.addReferer("https://help.alibabacloud.com");*/
    /* request.addReferer("http://www.?.aliyuncs.com");*/
    request.setAllowEmptyReferer(true);

    auto outcome = client.SetBucketReferer(request);

    if (!outcome.isSuccess()) {
        /* Handle exceptions. */
        std::cout << "SetBucketReferer fail" <<
        ",code:" << outcome.error().Code() <<
        ",message:" << outcome.error().Message() <<
        ",requestId:" << outcome.error().RequestId() << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    /* Release resources such as network resources. */
    ShutdownSdk();
    return 0;
}

Query hotlink protection configurations

The following sample code provides an example on how to query the hotlink configurations of a bucket:

#include <alibabacloud/oss/OssClient.h>
using namespace AlibabaCloud::OSS;

int main(void)
{
    /* Initialize information about the account that is used to access OSS. */
            
    /* Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. */
    std::string Endpoint = "yourEndpoint";
    /* Specify the name of the bucket. Example: examplebucket. */
    std::string BucketName = "examplebucket";

    /* Initialize resources, such as network resources. */
    InitializeSdk();

    ClientConfiguration conf;
    /* Obtain access credential from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are configured. */
    auto credentialsProvider = std::make_shared<EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider>();
    OssClient client(Endpoint, credentialsProvider, conf);


    /* Query the hotlink protection configurations of the bucket. */
    GetBucketRefererRequest request(BucketName);
    auto outcome = client.GetBucketReferer(request);

    if (outcome.isSuccess()) {
        std::cout << " GetBucketReferer success, AllowEmptyReferer: " << outcome.result().AllowEmptyReferer() <<
        " ,Referer size: " << outcome.result().RefererList().size() << std::endl;
    }
    else { 
        /* Handle exceptions. */
        std::cout << "GetBucketReferer fail" <<
        ",code:" << outcome.error().Code() <<
        ",message:" << outcome.error().Message() <<
        ",requestId:" << outcome.error().RequestId() << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    /* Release resources such as network resources. */
    ShutdownSdk();
    return 0;
}

Clear the hotlink protection configurations of a bucket

The following sample code provides an example on how to delete the hotlink protection configurations of a bucket:

#include <alibabacloud/oss/OssClient.h>
using namespace AlibabaCloud::OSS;

int main(void)
{
    /* Initialize information about the account that is used to access OSS. */
            
    /* Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. */
    std::string Endpoint = "yourEndpoint";
    /* Specify the name of the bucket. Example: examplebucket. */
    std::string BucketName = "examplebucket";

    /* Initialize resources, such as network resources. */
    InitializeSdk();

    ClientConfiguration conf;
    /* Obtain access credential from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are configured. */
    auto credentialsProvider = std::make_shared<EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider>();
    OssClient client(Endpoint, credentialsProvider, conf);

    /* The hotlink protection configurations of a bucket cannot be directly cleared. To overwrite the existing hotlink protection configurations, you must configure a new hotlink protection rule that allows requests with an empty Referer header. */
    SetBucketRefererRequest request(BucketName);
    request.setAllowEmptyReferer(true);

    auto outcome = client.SetBucketReferer(request);

    if (!outcome.isSuccess()) {
        /* Handle exceptions. */
        std::cout << "CleanBucketReferer fail" <<
        ",code:" << outcome.error().Code() <<
        ",message:" << outcome.error().Message() <<
        ",requestId:" << outcome.error().RequestId() << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    /* Release resources such as network resources. */
    ShutdownSdk();
    return 0;
}

References

For the complete sample code of hotlink protection, visit GitHub.
For more information about the API operation that you can call to configure hotlink protection for a bucket, see PutBucketReferer.
For more information about the API operation that you can call to query the hotlink protection configurations of a bucket, see GetBucketReferer.