Mobile Testing:Write an Android test script

Prerequisites

• You are familiar with how to use Appium for automated testing. For more information, see Appium documentation.

• You have basic Python programming skills.

Background information

To write an Android test script, you must perform the following operations:

• Create a Capabilities file and write a test script. The Capabilities file is used to specify the test environment required to execute the test script. For more information, see Step 1: Create a Capabilities file and Step 2: Write a test script.

• Start the Appium server on your computer to verify the created test script. For more information, see Step 3: Start the Appium server and Step 4: Verify the test script.

• After the test script is verified, upload it to the Mobile Testing console. For more information, see Step 5: Upload the test script to the Mobile Testing console.

Step 1: Create a Capabilities file

Write a Capabilities file named desired_capabilities.py in the Python language and store the file in the root directory.

The desired_capabilities.py file contains the get_uri() and get_desired_capabilities() functions.

Sample code

#!/usr/bin/env python

def get_desired_capabilities():
    desired_caps = {
        'platformName': 'Android',
        'platformVersion': '7.0',
        'deviceName': 'V889F',
        'appPackage': 'com.alibaba.mts.mtsdemoapp',
        'appWaitPackage': 'com.example.Android.myapp',
        'app': 'D:/home/xx/xx/xx/xx.apk',
        'newCommandTimeout': 30,
        'automationName': 'Appium'
    }
    return desired_caps

def get_uri():
    return "http://localhost:50000/wd/hub"

Parameter description

• The following table describes the parameters that are configured in the get_desired_capabilities() function.

• By default, the listener port of the on-premises Appium server is set to 50000. In this case, the return value of get_uri() is http://localhost:50000/wd/hub.

Step 2: Write a test script

Write a test script named main.py in the Python language and store the script in the root directory. The script is used as an entry to perform automated testing.

Sample code and description:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from appium import webdriver

# Import the desired_capabilities.py file that was created in the root directory.
import desired_capabilities

# Use unittest of Python as the unit testing tool.
from unittest import TestCase

# Use unittest of Python as the unit testing tool.
import unittest

# Use the time.sleep(xx) function to suspend the execution of the current thread for a specific number of seconds.
import time

class MqcTest(TestCase):

   global automationName

   def setUp(self):
       # Query the specified capabilities and notify the Appium server to create the corresponding session. 
       desired_caps = desired_capabilities.get_desired_capabilities()
       # Query the URL of the Appium server. 
       uri = desired_capabilities.get_uri()
       # Query the testing framework that is used.
       self.automationName = desired_caps.get('automationName')
       # Create a session and query the driver object that encapsulates all device operations. 
       self.driver = webdriver.Remote(uri, desired_caps)

   def test_searchbox(self):
        # Find the control that contains the "Tab4" string. 
        if self.automationName == 'Appium':
            tab4 = self.driver.find_element_by_name("Tab4")
        else:
            tab4 = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text("Tab4")
        # Click the control that contains the "Tab4" string.
        tab4.click()

        # Wait 2 seconds.
        time.sleep(2)

        # Find the username and password fields by control class name. 
        editTexts = self.driver.find_elements_by_class_name("android.widget.EditText")
        # Enter the username and the password. [0] specifies the username and [1] specifies the password.
        editTexts[0].send_keys("admin")
        editTexts[1].send_keys("admin")
        # Hide the soft keyboard that appears.
        self.driver.hide_keyboard()

        # Find and then click the Log On button.
        if self.automationName == 'Appium':
            self.driver.find_element_by_name("Log On").click()
        else:
            self.driver.find_element_by_link_text("Log On").click()
        # Wait 3 seconds for the logon process to complete.  
        time.sleep(3)

   def tearDown(self): 
        # The test is complete. Exit the session.  
        self.driver.quit()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

Step 3: Start the Appium server

Run the appium command on the CLI to start the Appium server. Example: appium -p 50000.

Parameters

Step 4: Verify the test script

1. Connect a mobile phone to your computer.

   • Connect a mobile phone for which the developer mode is enabled to your computer.

   • Connect to a remote device, run the adb connect command, and then connect the remote device to your computer.

2. Run the python main.py command on the CLI to execute and verify the main.py test script.

Step 5: Upload the test script to the Mobile Testing console

1. Compress the main.py file into a ZIP file in the root directory.

2. In the Mobile Testing console, create a script by uploading the main.py file. The script is used for subsequent functional testing on Android devices.

   For more information about how to create a script, see Create a script.