The ABS function is used to calculate the absolute value of the input parameter number and returns a positive number or zero. This topic describes the syntax and parameters of the ABS function. This topic also provides examples on how to use the ABS function.
Syntax
bigint|double|decimal abs(<number>)
Parameters
number: required. A value of the DOUBLE, BIGINT, or DECIMAL type. If the input value is of the STRING type, the value is implicitly converted into a value of the DOUBLE type before calculation.
If the input value is of the BIGINT type and is greater than the maximum value of the BIGINT type, a value of the DOUBLE type is returned. However, the precision may be lost.
Return value
The data type of the return value depends on the data type of the input parameter. The return value varies based on the following rules:
If number is of the DOUBLE, BIGINT, or DECIMAL type, a value of the same type is returned.
If number is of the STRING type, a value of the DOUBLE type is returned.
If number is set to null, null is returned.
Sample data
This section provides sample source data and examples for you to understand how to use the function. In this topic, a table named mf_math_fun_t is created and data is inserted into the table. Sample statements:
create table if not exists mf_math_fun_t(
int_data int,
bigint_data bigint,
double_data double,
decimal_data decimal,
float_data float,
string_data string
);
insert into mf_math_fun_t values
(null, -10, 0.525, 0.525BD, cast(0.525 as float), '10'),
(-20, null, -0.1, -0.1BD, cast(-0.1 as float), '-10'),
(0, -1, null, 20.45BD, cast(-1 as float), '30'),
(-40, 4, 0.89, null, cast(0.89 as float), '-30'),
(5, -50, -1, -1BD, null, '50'),
(-60, 6, 1.5, 1.5BD, cast(1.5 as float), '-50'),
(-1, -70, -7.5, -7.5BD, cast(-7.5 as float),null ),
(-80, 1, -10.2, -10.2BD, cast(-10.2 as float), '-1' ),
(9, -90, 2.58, 2.58BD, cast(2.58 as float), '0'),
(-100, 10, -5.8, -5.8BD, cast(-5.8 as float), '-90');
Query data from the mf_math_fun_t table. Sample statement:
select * from mf_math_fun_t;
-- The following result is returned:
+------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+------------+-------------+
| int_data | bigint_data | double_data | decimal_data | float_data | string_data |
+------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+------------+-------------+
| NULL | -10 | 0.525 | 0.525 | 0.525 | 10 |
| -20 | NULL | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -10 |
| 0 | -1 | NULL | 20.45 | -1.0 | 30 |
| -40 | 4 | 0.89 | NULL | 0.89 | -30 |
| 5 | -50 | -1.0 | -1 | NULL | 50 |
| -60 | 6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | -50 |
| -1 | -70 | -7.5 | -7.5 | -7.5 | NULL |
| -80 | 1 | -10.2 | -10.2 | -10.2 | -1 |
| 9 | -90 | 2.58 | 2.58 | 2.58 | 0 |
| -100 | 10 | -5.8 | -5.8 | -5.8 | -90 |
+------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+------------+-------------+
Examples: static data
-- The value null is returned.
select abs(null);
-- The value 1 is returned.
select abs(-1);
-- The value 1.2 is returned.
select abs(-1.2);
-- The value 2.0 is returned.
select abs("-2");
-- The value 1.2232083745629837E32 is returned.
select abs(122320837456298376592387456923748);
-- Calculate the absolute value of the id field in tbl1. The following example shows the usage of an ABS function in SQL statements. Other built-in functions, except window functions and aggregate functions, are used in a similar way.
select abs(id) from tbl1;
Examples: table data
Calculate the absolute value based on the sample data. Sample statement:
select abs(bigint_data) as bigint_new, abs(double_data) as double_new, abs(decimal_data) as decimal_new, abs(string_data) as string_new from mf_math_fun_t;
The following result is returned:
+------------+------------+-------------+------------+
| bigint_new | double_new | decimal_new | string_new |
+------------+------------+-------------+------------+
| 10 | 0.525 | 0.525 | 10.0 |
| NULL | 0.1 | 0.1 | 10.0 |
| 1 | NULL | 20.45 | 30.0 |
| 4 | 0.89 | NULL | 30.0 |
| 50 | 1.0 | 1 | 50.0 |
| 6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 50.0 |
| 70 | 7.5 | 7.5 | NULL |
| 1 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 1.0 |
| 90 | 2.58 | 2.58 | 0.0 |
| 10 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 90.0 |
+------------+------------+-------------+------------+
Related functions
ABS is a mathematical function. For more information about functions related to data computing and conversion, see Mathematical functions.