Data Transmission Service:Synchronize data from a PolarDB-X 1.0 instance to an AnalyticDB for MySQL V3.0 cluster

Prerequisites

• The source PolarDB-X 1.0 instance is created. For more information, see Create a PolarDB-X 1.0 instance and Create a database.

  Note

  The storage type of the PolarDB-X 1.0 instance must be ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL (private custom RDS instance or purchased RDS instance). PolarDB for MySQL cannot be used as the storage type.

• The destination AnalyticDB for MySQL V3.0 cluster is created. For more information, see Create a cluster.

• The available storage space of the destination AnalyticDB for MySQL V3.0 cluster is larger than the total size of the data in the source PolarDB-X 1.0 instance.

Usage notes

Supported synchronization topologies

SQL operations that can be synchronized

Permissions required for database accounts

Procedure

1. Go to the Data Synchronization Tasks page.
   1. Log on to the Data Management (DMS) console.
   2. In the top navigation bar, click DTS.
   3. In the left-side navigation pane, choose DTS (DTS) > Data Synchronization.
   Note

   • Operations may vary based on the mode and layout of the DMS console. For more information, see Simple mode and Customize the layout and style of the DMS console.
   • You can also go to the Data Synchronization Tasks page of the new DTS console.
2. From the drop-down list to the right of Data Synchronization Tasks, select the region in which the data synchronization instance resides.
   Note If you use the new DTS console, you must select the region in which the data synchronization instance resides in the top navigation bar.

3. Click Create Task. On the page that appears, configure the source and destination databases.

   Section	Parameter	Description
   N/A	Task Name	The name of the task. DTS automatically assigns a name to the task. We recommend that you specify a descriptive name that makes it easy to identify the task. You do not need to specify a unique task name.
   Source Database	Select an existing DMS database instance	The database instance that you want to use. You can choose whether to select an existing instance based on your business requirements. If you select an existing instance, DTS automatically populates the parameters for the database. If you do not select an existing instance, you must manually configure parameters for the database.
   	Database Type	The type of the source database. Select PolarDB-X 1.0.
   	Access Method	The access method of the source instance. Select Alibaba Cloud Instance.
   	Instance Region	The region in which the source PolarDB-X 1.0 instance resides.
   	Replicate Data Across Alibaba Cloud Accounts	Specifies whether data is synchronized across Alibaba Cloud accounts. In this example, No is selected because data is synchronized within the same Alibaba Cloud account.
   	Instance ID	The ID of the source PolarDB-X 1.0 instance.
   	Database Account	The database account of the source PolarDB-X 1.0 instance. For information about the permissions that are required for the account, see Permissions required for database accounts.
   	Database Password	The password of the database account.
   Destination Database	Select an existing DMS database instance	The database instance that you want to use. You can choose whether to select an existing instance based on your business requirements. If you select an existing instance, DTS automatically populates the parameters for the database. If you do not select an existing instance, you must manually configure parameters for the database.
   	Database Type	The type of the destination database. Select AnalyticDB for MySQL 3.0.
   	Access Method	The access method of the destination database. Select Alibaba Cloud Instance.
   	Instance Region	The region in which the destination AnalyticDB for MySQL V3.0 cluster resides.
   	Instance ID	The ID of the destination AnalyticDB for MySQL V3.0 cluster.
   	Database Account	The database account of the destination AnalyticDB for MySQL V3.0 cluster. For more information about the permissions that are required for the account, see Permissions required for database accounts.
   	Database Password	The password of the database account.

4. In the lower part of the page, click Test Connectivity and Proceed.

   If the source or destination database is an Alibaba Cloud database instance, such as an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL or ApsaraDB for MongoDB instance, DTS automatically adds the CIDR blocks of DTS servers to the whitelist of the instance. If the source or destination database is a self-managed database hosted on an Elastic Compute Service (ECS) instance, DTS automatically adds the CIDR blocks of DTS servers to the security group rules of the ECS instance, and you must ensure that the ECS instance can access the database. If the source or destination database is a self-managed database that is deployed in a data center or provided by a third-party cloud service provider, you must manually add the CIDR blocks of DTS servers to the whitelist of the database to allow DTS to access the database. For more information, see Add the CIDR blocks of DTS servers to the security settings of on-premises databases.

   Warning

   If the CIDR blocks of DTS servers are automatically or manually added to the whitelist of the database or instance, or to the ECS security group rules, security risks may arise. Therefore, before you use DTS to synchronize data, you must understand and acknowledge the potential risks and take preventive measures, including but not limited to the following measures: enhancing the security of your username and password, limiting the ports that are exposed, authenticating API calls, regularly checking the whitelist or ECS security group rules and forbidding unauthorized CIDR blocks, or connecting the database to DTS by using Express Connect, VPN Gateway, or Smart Access Gateway.

5. Configure objects to synchronize and advanced settings.

   • Basic Settings

     Parameter or setting	Description
     Synchronization Type	By default, Incremental Data Synchronization is selected. You must also select Schema Synchronization and Full Data Synchronization. After the precheck is complete, DTS synchronizes the historical data of selected objects from the source instance to the destination instance. The historical data is the basis for subsequent incremental synchronization. Note If Full Data Synchronization is selected, you can synchronize the schema and data of the table that is created by executing the CREATE TABLE statement to the destination database.
     Processing Mode of Conflicting Tables	Precheck and Report Errors: checks whether the destination database contains tables that have the same names as tables in the source database. If the source and destination databases do not contain tables that have identical table names, the precheck is passed. Otherwise, an error is returned during the precheck and the data synchronization task cannot be started. Note You can use the object name mapping feature to rename the tables that are synchronized to the destination database. You can use this feature if the source and destination databases contain identical table names and the tables in the destination database cannot be deleted or renamed. For more information, see Map object names. Ignore Errors and Proceed: skips the precheck for identical table names in the source and destination databases. Warning If you select Ignore Errors and Proceed, data inconsistency may occur, and your business may be exposed to potential risks. If the source and destination databases have the same schemas, and a data record has the same primary key value as an existing data record in the destination database: During full data synchronization, DTS does not synchronize the data record to the destination database. The existing data record in the destination database is retained. During incremental data synchronization, DTS synchronizes the data record to the destination database. The existing data record in the destination database is overwritten. If the source and destination databases have different schemas, data may fail to be initialized, only some columns are synchronized, or the data synchronization task fails. Operate with caution.
     DDL and DML Operations to Be Synchronized	The DDL and DML operations that you want to synchronize. For more information, see SQL operations that can be synchronized. Note To select the SQL operations performed on a specific database or table, right-click an object in the Selected Objects section. In the dialog box that appears, select the SQL operations that you want to synchronize.
     Merge Tables	Yes: In online transaction processing (OLTP) scenarios, sharding is implemented to speed up the response to business tables. In online analytical processing (OLAP) scenarios, you can store a large volume of data in a single table. This makes your SQL queries more efficient. You can merge multiple source tables that have the same schema into a single destination table. This feature allows you to synchronize data from multiple tables in the source database to a single table in the destination database. For more information, see Enable the multi-table merging feature. Note After you select multiple tables from the source database, you must change the names of these tables to the name of the destination table. To do this, you can use the object name mapping feature. For more information, see Map object names. DTS adds a column named __dts_data_source to the destination table. This column is used to record the data source. The data type of this column is TEXT. DTS specifies the column values based on the following format: <DTS instance ID>:<Database name>:<Schema name>:<Table name>. Such column values allow DTS to identify each source table. For example, dts********:dtstestdata:testschema:customer1 indicates that the source table is customer1. If you set this parameter to Yes, all the selected source tables in the task are merged into a destination table. If you do not need to merge specific source tables, you can create a separate data synchronization task for these tables. Warning We recommend that you do not perform DDL operations to change the schemas of source databases or tables. Otherwise, data inconsistency may occur or the data synchronization task fails. No: This value is selected by default.
     Capitalization of Object Names in Destination Instance	The capitalization of database names, table names, and column names in the destination instance. By default, DTS default policy is selected. You can select other options to ensure that the capitalization of object names is consistent with that in the source or destination database. For more information, see Specify the capitalization of object names in the destination instance.
     Source Objects	Select one or more objects from the Source Objects section and click the icon to add the objects to the Selected Objects section. Note You can select tables as the objects to be synchronized. If you select an entire database as the object to be synchronized, DTS does not synchronize the changes made to create tables in or delete tables from the source database to the destination database.
     Selected Objects	To rename an object that you want to synchronize to the destination instance, right-click the object in the Selected Objects section. For more information, see Map the name of a single object. To rename multiple objects at a time, click Batch Edit in the upper-right corner of the Selected Objects section. For more information, see Map multiple object names at a time. Note To select the SQL operations performed on a specific database or table, right-click an object in the Selected Objects section. In the dialog box that appears, select the SQL operations that you want to synchronize. For more information about the SQL operations that can be synchronized, see SQL operations that can be synchronized. To specify WHERE conditions to filter data, right-click an object in the Selected Objects section. In the dialog box that appears, specify the conditions. For more information about how to specify the conditions, see Use SQL conditions to filter data.

   • Advanced Settings

     Parameter	Description
     Set Alerts	Specifies whether to configure alerting for the data synchronization task. If the task fails or the synchronization latency exceeds the specified threshold, alert contacts will receive notifications. Valid values: No: does not configure alerting. Yes: configures alerting. In this case, you must also configure the alert threshold and alert contacts. For more information, see Configure monitoring and alerting when you create a DTS task.
     Specify the retry time range for failed connections	The retry time range for failed connections. If the source or destination database fails to be connected after the data synchronization task is started, DTS immediately retries a connection within the time range. Valid values: 10 to 1440. Unit: minutes. Default value: 720. We recommend that you set the parameter to a value greater than 30. If DTS reconnects to the source and destination databases within the specified time range, DTS resumes the data synchronization task. Otherwise, the data synchronization task fails. Note If you set different retry time ranges for multiple DTS tasks that have the same source or destination database, the shortest retry time range that is set takes precedence. When DTS retries a connection, you are charged for the DTS instance. We recommend that you specify the retry time range based on your business requirements. You can also release the DTS instance at your earliest opportunity after the source and destination instances are released.
     Configure ETL	Specifies whether to configure the extract, transform, and load (ETL) feature. For more information, see What is ETL?. Valid values: Yes: configures the ETL feature. You can enter data processing statements in the code editor. For more information, see Configure ETL in a data migration or data synchronization task. No: does not configure the ETL feature.

6. In the lower part of the page, click Next: Configure Database and Table Fields. On the page that appears, set the primary key columns and distribution key columns of the tables that you want to synchronize to the destination AnalyticDB for MySQL cluster.

   Note

   • If you select Schema Synchronization as Synchronization Type, you must configure the Type, Primary Key Column, and Distribution Key parameters for the tables that you want to synchronize to the AnalyticDB for MySQL V3.0 cluster. For more information, see CREATE TABLE.

   • In the Primary Key Column field, you can specify multiple columns to form a composite primary key. In this case, you must specify one or more primary key columns as the distribution key columns.

7. Click Next: Save Task Settings and Precheck in the lower part of the page.

   You can move the pointer over Next: Save Task Settings and Precheck and click Preview OpenAPI parameters to view the parameter settings of the API operation that is called to configure the instance.

   Note

   • Before you can start the data synchronization task, DTS performs a precheck. You can start the data synchronization task only after the task passes the precheck.

   • If the task fails to pass the precheck, click View Details next to each failed item. After you troubleshoot the issues based on the causes, run a precheck again.

   • If an alert is triggered for an item during the precheck:

     • If an alert item cannot be ignored, click View Details next to the failed item and troubleshoot the issues. Then, run a precheck again.

     • If an alert item can be ignored, click Confirm Alert Details. In the View Details dialog box, click Ignore. In the message that appears, click OK. Then, click Precheck Again to run a precheck again. If you ignore the alert item, data inconsistency may occur, and your business may be exposed to potential risks.

8. Wait until the success rate becomes 100%. Then, click Next: Purchase Instance.

9. On the Purchase Instance page, configure the Billing Method and Instance Class parameters for the data synchronization instance. The following table describes the parameters.

   Section	Parameter	Description
   New Instance Class	Billing Method	Subscription: You pay for the instance when you create an instance. The subscription billing method is more cost-effective than the pay-as-you-go billing method for long-term use. Pay-as-you-go: A pay-as-you-go instance is charged on an hourly basis. The pay-as-you-go billing method is suitable for short-term use. If you no longer require a pay-as-you-go instance, you can release the pay-as-you-go instance to reduce costs.
   	Resource Group	The resource group on which the instance is run. Default value: default resource group. For more information, see What is Resource Management?.
   	Instance Class	DTS provides various synchronization specifications that provide different performance. The synchronization speed varies based on the synchronization specifications that you select. You can select a synchronization specification based on your business scenario. For more information, see Specifications of data synchronization instances.
   	Subscription Duration	If you select the subscription billing method, set the subscription duration and the number of instances that you want to create. The subscription duration can be one to nine months, one year, two years, three years, or five years. Note This parameter is available only if you select the Subscription billing method.

10. Read and select the check box to agree to the Data Transmission Service (Pay-as-you-go) Service Terms.

11. Click Buy and Start to start the data synchronization task. You can view the progress of the task in the task list.