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    Data Online Migration:Preparations

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    Data Online Migration:Preparations

    Last Updated:Dec 19, 2024

    This topic describes the operations that you must perform before you migrate data.

    Step 1: Create an API key that is used to migrate data

    Create an API key for an account that has the read and write permissions on the source data. For more information, see Access Key.

    Important

    The information in the preceding link may be outdated due to changes in the origin server and is for reference only.

    Step 2: Create a destination bucket

    Create a destination bucket in the Object Storage Service (OSS) console to store the migrated data. For more information, see Create buckets.

    Step 3: Create a RAM user and grant permissions to the RAM user

    Important

    • The Resource Access Management (RAM) user is used to perform the data migration task. You must create RAM roles and perform migration as the RAM user. We recommend that you create the RAM user within the Alibaba Cloud account that owns the source or destination OSS bucket.

    • For more information, see Create a RAM user and grant permissions to the RAM user.

    Log on to the RAM console with an Alibaba Cloud account. On the Users page, find the RAM user that you created and click Add Permissions in the Actions column.

    1. System policy: Attach the AliyunOSSImportFullAccess policy to the RAM user.

    2. Custom policy: Attach a custom policy that includes the ram:CreateRole, ram:CreatePolicy, ram:AttachPolicyToRole, and ram:ListRoles permissions to the RAM user.

      For more information about how to attach a custom policy, see Create custom policies. The following sample code provides an example of the custom policy:

      {
    "Version":"1",
    "Statement":[
        {
            "Effect":"Allow",
            "Action":[
                "ram:CreateRole",
                "ram:CreatePolicy",
                "ram:AttachPolicyToRole",
                "ram:ListRoles"
            ],
            "Resource":"*"
        }
    ]
}

    Step 4: Grant permissions on the destination bucket to the RAM role

    Perform the corresponding operations based on whether the destination bucket belongs to the current Alibaba Cloud account.

    The destination bucket belongs to the current Alibaba Cloud account

    • Automatic authorization

      We recommend that you use automatic authorization in the Data Online Migration console. For more information, see the "Step 3: Create a destination data address" section of the Migrate data topic.

    • Manual authorization

      Note

      You can perform manual authorization in the following scenarios:

      • You want to grant permissions on multiple source buckets to a RAM role. This allows you to effectively manage multiple source buckets.

      • You do not want to create more RAM roles because the number of RAM roles within the current Alibaba Cloud account is close to the upper limit.

      • Automatic authorization is not applicable or cannot be used.

      1. Create a RAM role that is used to migrate data

      Log on to the RAM console in which the RAM user is created. On the Roles page, click Create Role.

      1. Select Alibaba Cloud Service for the Select Trusted Entity parameter.

      2. Select Normal Service Role for the Role Type parameter.

      3. Enter the role name in the RAM Role Name field. The role name must be lowercase.

      4. Select Data Online Migration for the Select Trusted Service parameter.

        image

      2. Grant permissions on the destination bucket to the RAM role

      On the Roles page, find the created RAM role and click Grant Permission in the Actions column.

      • Custom policy: Attach a custom policy that includes the oss:List*, oss:Get*, oss:Put*, and oss:AbortMultipartUpload* permissions to the RAM role.

      For more information about how to attach a custom policy, see Create custom policies. The following sample code provides an example of the custom policy:

      Note

      The following policy is for reference only. Replace <myDestBucket> with the name of the destination bucket.

      For more information about RAM policies for OSS, see Common examples of RAM policies. 

      {
  "Version": "1",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "oss:List*",
        "oss:Get*",
        "oss:Put*",
        "oss:AbortMultipartUpload"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "acs:oss:*:*:<myDestBucket>",
        "acs:oss:*:*:<myDestBucket>/*"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

    The destination bucket does not belong to the current Alibaba Cloud account

    1. Create a RAM role that is used to migrate data

    Log on to the RAM console in which the RAM user is created. On the Roles page, click Create Role.

    1. Select Alibaba Cloud Service for the Select Trusted Entity parameter.

    2. Select Normal Service Role for the Role Type parameter.

    3. Enter the role name in the RAM Role Name field. The role name must be lowercase.

    4. Select Data Online Migration for the Select Trusted Service parameter.

      image

    2. Grant permissions on the destination bucket to the RAM role

    Important

    If you configure a bucket policy by specifying policy statements to grant the RAM role the required permissions, the new bucket policy overwrites the existing bucket policy. Make sure that the new bucket policy contains the content of the existing bucket policy. Otherwise, the authorization based on the existing bucket policy may fail.

    1. Log on to the OSS console with the Alibaba Cloud account that owns the destination bucket.

    2. In the left-side navigation pane, click Buckets. On the Buckets page, click the name of the destination bucket.

    3. In the left-side pane of the bucket details page, choose Permission Control > Bucket Policy.

    4. On the Bucket Policy tab, click Add by Syntax. On the page that appears, click Edit, enter the custom bucket policy in the code editor, and then click Save.

      • Grant the RAM role the permissions to query, read, delete, and write all resources in the destination bucket.

    Note

    The following policy is for reference only. Replace <otherDestBucket> with the name of the destination bucket, <otherUid> with the ID of the Alibaba Cloud account that owns the destination bucket, <myUid> with the ID of the Alibaba Cloud account that is used to log on to the Data Online Migration console, and <roleName> with the name of the RAM role that you created. For more information about RAM policies for OSS, see Common examples of RAM policies. 

    {
  "Version": "1",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "oss:List*",
        "oss:Get*",
        "oss:Put*",
        "oss:AbortMultipartUpload"
      ],
      "Principal": [
         "arn:sts::<myUid>:assumed-role/<roleName>/*"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "acs:oss:*:<otherUid>:<otherDestBucket>",
        "acs:oss:*:<otherUid>:<otherDestBucket>/*"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

    Step 5: Restore data in the source bucket

    Before you create a migration task to migrate data of the Archive storage class, you must manually restore the data. Take note of the following items when you restore the data:

    • Before you create a source data address and a migration task, make sure that data of the Archive storage class is restored.

    • Specify the number of days during which the restored data remains in the restored state based on the amount of data that you want to migrate. This can prevent data from entering the archived state during data migration.

    • You may be charged for the restoration operation. The fee may be relatively high. For more information about the billing methods, contact the service provider that offers the source bucket.

    Note

    Data Online Migration does not restore data in archived files at the source data address during data migration. The files that are not restored or are being restored cannot be migrated.

    For more information about how to restore archived objects in an OSS bucket, see Restore objects.

    For more information about how to restore archived objects in a Tencent Cloud Object Storage (COS) bucket, see Restoring Archived Objects.