使用Serverless Devs开发工具可以快速部署基于函数计算、对象存储OSS和FFmpeg的应用,帮助您处理音视频,例如获取音视频信息、给音视频添加水印及转换格式等。
背景信息
FFmpeg是一套可以记录、转换数字音视频,并将其转化为流的开源计算机程序。FFmpeg采用LGPL或GPL许可证,提供了录制、转换和流化音视频的完整解决方案,包括先进的音视频编解码库libavcodec,并且保证了高可移植性和编解码质量。详细信息,请参见FFmpeg。
本文以Python语言为例,介绍的示例模板中包含以下主题。您也可以根据实际需求修改给到示例的函数代码实现二次开发。
示例名称 | 描述 |
GetMediaMeta | 获取音视频的Meta信息。 |
GetDuration | 获取音视频的时长。 |
GetSprites | 将视频制作成雪碧图。 |
VideoWatermark | 添加文字水印、静态图片水印和动态GIF水印。 |
AudioConvert | 转换音视频格式。 |
VideoGif | 将Video格式提取成GIF格式。 |
前提条件
使用Serverless Devs部署应用
执行以下命令,初始化项目。
sudo s init ffmpeg-app -d ffmpeg-app
-d
用于指定生成的目录的名称。执行以下命令,进入项目目录。
cd ffmpeg-app
可选:您可以按需修改项目目录中的代码示例,实现您的业务逻辑。
执行以下命令,部署项目。
sudo s deploy -y
说明如果您只需要部署该项目内的某个功能,例如需要部署GetMediaMeta功能获取音视频的Meta信息。请执行以下命令:
sudo s GetMediaMeta deploy
当您需要部署其他功能时,请将
GetMediaMeta
修改为其他功能的名称。部署完成后,输出示例如下。
[2021-11-25T17:35:56.524] [INFO ] [S-CLI] - Start ... [2021-11-25T17:35:56.529] [INFO ] [S-CLI] - It is detected that your project has the following projects < AudioConvert,GetMediaMeta,GetDuration,VideoGif,GetSprites,VideoWatermark > to be execute [2021-11-25T17:35:56.530] [INFO ] [S-CLI] - Start executing project AudioConvert [2021-11-25T17:35:57.725] [INFO ] [FC-DEPLOY] - Using region: cn-qingdao [2021-11-25T17:35:57.725] [INFO ] [FC-DEPLOY] - Using access alias: default [2021-11-25T17:35:57.726] [INFO ] [FC-DEPLOY] - Using accessKeyID: LTAI4G4cwJkK4Rza6xd9**** [2021-11-25T17:35:57.726] [INFO ] [FC-DEPLOY] - Using accessKeySecret: eCc0GxSpzfq1DVspnqqd6nmYNN**** Using fc deploy type: sdk, If you want to deploy with pulumi, you can [s cli fc-default set deploy-type pulumi] to switch. ...... There is auto config in the service: FcOssFFmpeg ...... AudioConvert: region: cn-qingdao service: name: FcOssFFmpeg function: name: AudioConvert runtime: python3 handler: index.handler memorySize: 256 timeout: 600 GetMediaMeta: region: cn-qingdao service: name: FcOssFFmpeg function: name: GetMediaMeta runtime: python3 handler: index.handler memorySize: 1024 timeout: 600 GetDuration: region: cn-qingdao service: name: FcOssFFmpeg function: name: GetDuration runtime: python3 handler: index.handler memorySize: 256 timeout: 600 VideoGif: region: cn-qingdao service: name: FcOssFFmpeg function: name: VideoGif runtime: python3 handler: index.handler memorySize: 512 timeout: 600 GetSprites: region: cn-qingdao service: name: FcOssFFmpeg function: name: GetSprites runtime: python3 handler: index.handler memorySize: 512 timeout: 600 VideoWatermark: region: cn-qingdao service: name: FcOssFFmpeg function: name: VideoWatermark runtime: python3 handler: index.handler memorySize: 256 timeout: 600
调用示例函数。
调用GetMediaMeta函数,获取音视频的Meta信息
调用GetMediaMeta函数的示例命令如下,请根据实际情况修改参数信息。
sudo s GetMediaMeta invoke -e '{"bucket_name": "test-bucket","object_key": "a.mp4"}'
参数说明:
bucket_name
:Bucket名称。object_key
:需获取音视频Meta信息的文件的名称。
输出示例:
[2021-11-26T14:19:02.045] [INFO ] [S-CLI] - Start ... ========= FC invoke Logs begin ========= FunctionCompute python3 runtime inited. FC Invoke Start RequestId: dda964e0-82b6-452a-b849-6b0b835f**** 2021-11-26T06:19:04.688Z dda964e0-82b6-452a-b849-6b0b835f**** [INFO] current Function [handler] excute time is 0.23 seconds FC Invoke End RequestId: dda964e0-82b6-452a-b849-6b0b835f**** Duration: 1238.78 ms, Billed Duration: 1239 ms, Memory Size: 1024 MB, Max Memory Used: 118.39 MB ========= FC invoke Logs end ========= FC Invoke Result: { "format": { "bit_rate": "17024829", "duration": "110.037333", "filename": "http://test-bucket.oss-cn-qingdao-internal.aliyuncs.com/a.mp4......", "format_long_name": "QuickTime / MOV", "format_name": "mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2", "nb_programs": 0, "nb_streams": 2, "probe_score": 100, "size": "234170850", "start_time": "0.000000", "tags": { "compatible_brands": "mp42mp41", "creation_time": "2020-09-05T06:03:49.000000Z", "major_brand": "mp42", "minor_version": "0" } }, "streams": [ { "avg_frame_rate": "25/1", "bit_rate": "16708594", "bits_per_raw_sample": "8", "chroma_location": "left", "codec_long_name": "H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10", "codec_name": "h264", "codec_tag": "0x31637661", "codec_tag_string": "avc1", "codec_time_base": "1/50", "codec_type": "video", "coded_height": 1088, "coded_width": 1920, "color_primaries": "bt709", "color_range": "tv", "color_space": "bt709", "color_transfer": "bt709", "disposition": { "attached_pic": 0, "clean_effects": 0, "comment": 0, "default": 1, "dub": 0, "forced": 0, "hearing_impaired": 0, "karaoke": 0, "lyrics": 0, "original": 0, "timed_thumbnails": 0, "visual_impaired": 0 }, "duration": "110.000000", "duration_ts": 2750000, "has_b_frames": 1, "height": 1080, "index": 0, "is_avc": "true", "level": 41, "nal_length_size": "4", "nb_frames": "2750", "pix_fmt": "yuv420p", "profile": "Main", "r_frame_rate": "25/1", "refs": 1, "start_pts": 0, "start_time": "0.000000", "tags": { "creation_time": "2020-09-05T06:03:49.000000Z", "encoder": "AVC Coding", "handler_name": "\u001fMainconcept Video Media Handler", "language": "eng" }, "time_base": "1/25000", "width": 1920 }, { "avg_frame_rate": "0/0", "bit_rate": "317375", "bits_per_sample": 0, "channel_layout": "stereo", "channels": 2, "codec_long_name": "AAC (Advanced Audio Coding)", "codec_name": "aac", "codec_tag": "0x6134706d", "codec_tag_string": "mp4a", "codec_time_base": "1/48000", "codec_type": "audio", "disposition": { "attached_pic": 0, "clean_effects": 0, "comment": 0, "default": 1, "dub": 0, "forced": 0, "hearing_impaired": 0, "karaoke": 0, "lyrics": 0, "original": 0, "timed_thumbnails": 0, "visual_impaired": 0 }, "duration": "110.000000", "duration_ts": 5280000, "index": 1, "max_bit_rate": "417750", "nb_frames": "5158", "profile": "LC", "r_frame_rate": "0/0", "sample_fmt": "fltp", "sample_rate": "48000", "start_pts": 0, "start_time": "0.000000", "tags": { "creation_time": "2020-09-05T06:03:49.000000Z", "handler_name": "#Mainconcept MP4 Sound Media Handler", "language": "eng" }, "time_base": "1/48000" } ] } End of method: invoke
调用GetDuration函数,获取音视频的时长
调用GetDuration函数的示例命令如下,请根据实际情况修改参数信息。
sudo s GetDuration invoke -e '{"bucket_name": "bucket-name","object_key": "a.mp4"}'
参数说明:
bucket_name
:Bucket名称。object_key
:需获取时长的文件的名称。
输出示例:
[2021-11-26T14:21:48.877] [INFO ] [S-CLI] - Start ... ========= FC invoke Logs begin ========= FunctionCompute python3 runtime inited. FC Invoke Start RequestId: 6bb9ecae-7f53-4efb-afea-7614ef87**** 2021-11-26T06:21:50.273Z 6bb9ecae-7f53-4efb-afea-7614ef87**** [INFO] current Function [handler] excute time is 0.17 seconds FC Invoke End RequestId: 6bb9ecae-7f53-4efb-afea-7614ef87**** Duration: 754.63 ms, Billed Duration: 755 ms, Memory Size: 256 MB, Max Memory Used: 61.21 MB ========= FC invoke Logs end ========= FC Invoke Result: 110.037333 End of method: invoke
调用GetSprites函数,将视频制作成雪碧图
调用GetSprites函数的示例命令如下,请根据实际情况修改参数信息。
sudo s GetSprites invoke -e '{"bucket_name": "test-bucket","object_key": "aclear.mp4", "output_dir" : "output/", "tile": "3*4"}'
参数说明:
bucket_name
:Bucket的名称。object_key
:需制作成雪碧图的文件的名称。output_dir
:转码后的视频存储在Bucket内的位置。tile
:雪碧图的行和列。(可选)
start
:开始制作雪碧图的时间。默认值为0。(可选)
duration
:基于Start参数后多长时间的视频内开始截图。例如start取值为10,duration取值为20,表示截取10s到30s内的视频。(可选)
itsoffset
:表示流偏移命令,延迟时间。默认值为0。该参数需要和start、interval一起使用,示例如下:start
取值为0,interval
取值为10,itsoffset
取值为0,则截图的描述为5、15和25等。start
取值为0,interval
取值为10,itsoffset
取值为1,则截图的描述为4、14和24等。start
取值为0,interval
取值为10,itsoffset
取值为-1,则截图的描述为6、16和26等。start
取值为0,interval
取值为10,itsoffset
取值为4.999,则截图的描述为0、10和20等。
说明当该参数取值为5时,会丢失0秒时的图片,建议您将该参数设置为4.999。
(可选)
scale
:截图的大小。默认比例为-1:-1。(可选)
interval
:表示时隔几秒截取一次视频。默认值为1。(可选)
padding
:表示图片的间隔。默认值为0。(可选)
color
:表示雪碧图的背景颜色。默认颜色为黑色。(可选)
dst_type
:表示生成雪碧图的图片格式。默认为JPG。取值为JPG和PNG。
输出示例:
[2021-11-26T16:07:42.585] [INFO ] [S-CLI] - Start ... ========= FC invoke Logs begin ========= FunctionCompute python3 runtime inited. FC Invoke Start RequestId: 1b427831-e10f-4c2b-b780-9b504c29aa67 2021-11-26T08:07:44.684Z 1b427831-e10f-4c2b-b780-9b504c29aa67 [INFO] b'{"bucket_name": "test-bucket","object_key": "a.mp4", "output_dir" : "output/", "dst_type":".wav"}' 2021-11-26T08:07:51.642Z 1b427831-e10f-4c2b-b780-9b504c29aa67 [INFO] Uploaded /tmp/transcoded_a.wav to output/transcoded_a.wav 2021-11-26T08:07:51.642Z 1b427831-e10f-4c2b-b780-9b504c29aa67 [INFO] current Function [handler] excute time is 6.96 seconds FC Invoke End RequestId: 1b427831-e10f-4c2b-b780-9b504c29aa67 Duration: 7876.26 ms, Billed Duration: 7877 ms, Memory Size: 3072 MB, Max Memory Used: 119.06 MB ========= FC invoke Logs end ========= FC Invoke Result: ok End of method: invoke
调用VideoWatermark函数,给视频添加水印
调用VideoWatermark函数的示例命令如下,请根据实际情况修改参数信息。
sudo s VideoWatermark invoke -e '{"bucket_name": "test-bucket","object_key": "a.mp4", "output_dir" : "output/", "vf_args" : "drawtext=fontfile=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/wqy/wqy-zenhei.ttc:text='hello函数计算':x=100:y=50:fontsize=24:fontcolor=red"}'
参数说明:
bucket_name
:Bucket的名称。object_key
:需添加水印的文件的名称。output_dir
:转码后的视频存储在Bucket内的位置。vf_args
:表示文字水印或静态图片水印。filter_complex_args
:表示动态图片水印。当设置该参数与vf_args
同时设置时,则默认忽略vf_args
的参数信息。
输出示例:
[2021-11-26T15:20:24.396] [INFO ] [S-CLI] - Start ... ========= FC invoke Logs begin ========= static-master/target/lib ...... ...... FC Invoke End RequestId: 31ecddfa-4e41-44bb-9489-00708b07**** Duration: 1302.08 ms, Billed Duration: 1303 ms, Memory Size: 256 MB, Max Memory Used: 256.00 MB ========= FC invoke Logs end ========= FC Invoke Result: ok End of method: invoke
调用AudioConvert函数,转换音频格式
调用AudioConvert函数的示例命令如下,请根据实际情况修改参数信息。
sudo s AudioConvert invoke -e '{"bucket_name": "test-bucket","object_key": "a.mp4", "output_dir" : "output/", "dst_type":".wav", "ac":"1", "ar":"4000"}'
参数说明:
bucket_name
:Bucket的名称。object_key
:需转换音频格式的文件的名称。output_dir
:转码后的视频存储在Bucket内的位置。dst_type
:转换后文件的格式。(可选)
ac
:指定声道数。(可选)
ar
:指定采样率。
输出示例:
[2021-11-26T16:04:16.293] [INFO ] [S-CLI] - Start ... ========= FC invoke Logs begin ========= ...... 2021-11-26T08:04:18.520Z 2fc578cd-8787-4681-ab21-a3f6b4ab1e2a [ERROR] returncode:1 ...... Duration: 1156.09 ms, Billed Duration: 1157 ms, Memory Size: 256 MB, Max Memory Used: 88.23 MB ========= FC invoke Logs end ========= FC Invoke Result: ok End of method: invoke
调用VideoGif函数,为视频提取GIF
调用VideoGif函数的示例命令如下,请根据实际情况修改参数信息。
sudo s VideoGif invoke -e '{"bucket_name": "test-bucket","object_key": "a.mp4", "output_dir" : "output/", "vframes": "5", "start": "0", "duration": "2"}'
参数说明:
bucket_name
:Bucket的名称。object_key
:需转换为GIF格式的文件的名称。output_dir
:转码后的视频存储在对象存储中的位置。(可选)
vframes
:基于start
参数后多长时间的视频内开始转换视频。(可选)
start
:开始转换的时间。默认值为0。(可选)
duration
:基于start
参数后多长时间的视频内开始转换视频。
说明当同时设置了
duration
和vframes
参数时,以duration
的参数信息为准。当这两个参数都未设置时,则默认将整个视频转换为GIF格式。输出示例:
[2021-11-26T15:27:26.647] [INFO ] [S-CLI] - Start ... ========= FC invoke Logs begin ========= FunctionCompute python3 runtime inited. FC Invoke Start RequestId: a49fc8b4-ee8f-4e8b-9923-b8b41ced47cb 2021-11-26T07:27:28.279Z a49fc8b4-ee8f-4e8b-9923-b8b41ced47cb [INFO] b'{"bucket_name": "test-bucket","object_key": "a.mp4", "output_dir" : "output/", "vframes": "5", "start": "0", "duration": "2"}' 2021-11-26T07:27:28.280Z a49fc8b4-ee8f-4e8b-9923-b8b41ced47cb [INFO] cmd = ffmpeg -y -ss 0 -t 2 -accurate_seek -i ...... 2021-11-26T07:27:30.150Z a49fc8b4-ee8f-4e8b-9923-b8b41ced47cb [INFO] Uploaded /tmp/a.gif to output/a.gif 2021-11-26T07:27:30.151Z a49fc8b4-ee8f-4e8b-9923-b8b41ced47cb [INFO] current Function [handler] excute time is 1.87 seconds FC Invoke End RequestId: a49fc8b4-ee8f-4e8b-9923-b8b41ced47cb Duration: 2495.95 ms, Billed Duration: 2496 ms, Memory Size: 512 MB, Max Memory Used: 85.32 MB ========= FC invoke Logs end ========= FC Invoke Result: ok End of method: invoke
相关文档
如果您需要加快大视频的转码速度或者完成多种复杂的组合操作,可以通过Serverless工作流编排函数实现视频处理系统,具体请参见构建基于Serverless架构的弹性高可用音视频处理系统。
如果您需要实时或者准实时的音视频处理,可以使用GPU实例部署对应的应用,具体请参见音视频处理最佳实践。