Simple Log Service：使用Prometheus採集Kubernetes監控資料

在自建Kubernetes上安裝Prometheus

如果您使用自建Kubernetes，推薦以註冊叢集的方式接入到阿里雲。更多資訊，請參見註冊叢集概述。註冊好後按照阿里雲Kubernetes安裝方式安裝Prometheus。更多資訊，請參見阿里雲Kubernetes安裝方式。如果您不使用註冊叢集方式，可通過Helm安裝包安裝Prometheus，安裝前需先建立保密字典並調整預設配置。

在阿里雲Kubernetes上安裝Prometheus

如果您使用阿里雲Kubernetes，可直接在應用市場中安裝並配置Prometheus將資料存放區到Log Service。

1. 登入Container Service管理主控台。

2. 在叢集頁面，單擊目的地組群。

3. 建立命名空間。

   1. 在左側導覽列中，選擇節點管理 > 命名空間與配額。

   2. 單擊建立。

   3. 配置名稱為monitoring，然後單擊確定。

4. 建立保密字典。

   1. 在左側導覽列中，選擇組態管理 > 保密字典。

   2. 在頁面上方，選中您在步驟3中建立的命名空間，即monitoring。

   3. 單擊建立。

   4. 配置如下參數，然後單擊確定。

      

      參數	說明
      名稱	配置為sls-sk。
      類型	選中Opaque，並添加如下兩個索引值對： 名稱為username，值為您的RAM使用者的AccessKey ID。 名稱為password，值為您的RAM使用者的AccessKey Secret。 建議您使用只具備Log ServiceProject寫入許可權的RAM使用者的AccessKey。更多資訊，請參見授予指定Project寫入許可權。

5. 建立PrometheusOperator。

   1. 返回到Container Service管理主控台首頁。

   2. 在左側導航中，選擇市場 > 應用市場。

   3. 單擊ack-prometheus-operator。

   4. 單擊一鍵部署。

   5. 在基本資料步驟中，選擇目的地組群、命名空間，然後單擊下一步。

   6. 在參數配置步驟中，修改參數資訊，然後單擊確定。

      • 調整prometheusSpec下的retention，建議修改為1d或12h。

      • 替換其中的remoteWrite配置。更多資訊，請參見RemoteWrite配置。

        remoteWrite配置中的url為Log ServiceMetricstore的URL，請根據實際值替換。格式為https://{project}.{sls-endpoint}/prometheus/{project}/{metricstore}/api/v1/write。其中{sls-endpoint}為Log Service的Endpoint。更多資訊，請參見服務入口，{project}和{metricstore}為您已建立的Log Service的Project和Metricstore。

        說明

        如果您是在阿里雲內網，請優先使用內網網域名稱。

      • 如果Prometheus資料量較大，可修改queue_config配置，建議修改為：

        batchSendDeadline: 30s
        capacity: 204800
        maxBackoff: 5s
        maxSamplesPerSend: 4096
        minBackoff: 100ms
        minShards: 100
        maxShards: 2048

      重要

      為減少上報的資料量，建議在remoteWrite中增加writeRelabelConfigs去除不重要的指標，預設配置中已為您去除Kubernetes監控中不常用的指標。

            remoteWrite:
            - basicAuth:
                username:
                  name: sls-sk
                  key: username
                password:
                  name: sls-sk
                  key: password
              queueConfig:
                batchSendDeadline: 30s
                capacity: 204800
                maxBackoff: 5s
                maxSamplesPerSend: 4096
                minBackoff: 100ms
                minShards: 100
                maxShards: 2048
              writeRelabelConfigs:
              - action: drop
                regex: APIServiceOpenAPIAggregationControllerQueue1_adds|APIServiceOpenAPIAggregationControllerQueue1_depth|APIServiceOpenAPIAggregationControllerQueue1_queue_latency|APIServiceOpenAPIAggregationControllerQueue1_queue_latency_count|APIServiceOpenAPIAggregationControllerQueue1_queue_latency_sum|APIServiceOpenAPIAggregationControllerQueue1_retries|APIServiceOpenAPIAggregationControllerQueue1_work_duration|APIServiceOpenAPIAggregationControllerQueue1_work_duration_count|APIServiceOpenAPIAggregationControllerQueue1_work_duration_sum|APIServiceRegistrationController_adds|APIServiceRegistrationController_depth|APIServiceRegistrationController_queue_latency|APIServiceRegistrationController_queue_latency_count|APIServiceRegistrationController_queue_latency_sum|APIServiceRegistrationController_retries|APIServiceRegistrationController_work_duration|APIServiceRegistrationController_work_duration_count|APIServiceRegistrationController_work_duration_sum|AvailableConditionController_adds|AvailableConditionController_depth|AvailableConditionController_queue_latency|AvailableConditionController_queue_latency_count|AvailableConditionController_queue_latency_sum|AvailableConditionController_retries|AvailableConditionController_work_duration|AvailableConditionController_work_duration_count|AvailableConditionController_work_duration_sum|DiscoveryController_adds|DiscoveryController_depth|DiscoveryController_queue_latency|DiscoveryController_queue_latency_count|DiscoveryController_queue_latency_sum|DiscoveryController_retries|DiscoveryController_work_duration|DiscoveryController_work_duration_count|DiscoveryController_work_duration_sum|admission_quota_controller_adds|admission_quota_controller_depth|admission_quota_controller_queue_latency|admission_quota_controller_queue_latency_count|admission_quota_controller_queue_latency_sum|admission_quota_controller_work_duration|admission_quota_controller_work_duration_count|admission_quota_controller_work_duration_sum|alertmanager_alerts|alertmanager_alerts_invalid_total|alertmanager_alerts_received_total|alertmanager_build_info|alertmanager_cluster_failed_peers|alertmanager_cluster_health_score|alertmanager_cluster_members|alertmanager_cluster_messages_pruned_total|alertmanager_cluster_messages_queued|alertmanager_cluster_messages_received_size_total|alertmanager_cluster_messages_received_total|alertmanager_cluster_messages_sent_size_total|alertmanager_cluster_messages_sent_total|alertmanager_cluster_peers_joined_total|alertmanager_cluster_peers_left_total|alertmanager_cluster_peers_update_total|alertmanager_cluster_reconnections_failed_total|alertmanager_cluster_reconnections_total|alertmanager_cluster_refresh_join_failed_total|alertmanager_cluster_refresh_join_total|alertmanager_config_hash|alertmanager_config_last_reload_success_timestamp_seconds|alertmanager_config_last_reload_successful|alertmanager_http_request_duration_seconds_bucket|alertmanager_http_request_duration_seconds_count|alertmanager_http_request_duration_seconds_sum|alertmanager_http_response_size_bytes_bucket|alertmanager_http_response_size_bytes_count|alertmanager_http_response_size_bytes_sum|alertmanager_nflog_gc_duration_seconds|alertmanager_nflog_gc_duration_seconds_count|alertmanager_nflog_gc_duration_seconds_sum|alertmanager_nflog_gossip_messages_propagated_total|alertmanager_nflog_queries_total|alertmanager_nflog_query_duration_seconds_bucket|alertmanager_nflog_query_duration_seconds_count|alertmanager_nflog_query_duration_seconds_sum|alertmanager_nflog_query_errors_total|alertmanager_nflog_snapshot_duration_seconds|alertmanager_nflog_snapshot_duration_seconds_count|alertmanager_nflog_snapshot_duration_seconds_sum|alertmanager_nflog_snapshot_size_bytes|alertmanager_notification_latency_seconds_bucket|alertmanager_notification_latency_seconds_count|alertmanager_notification_latency_seconds_sum|alertmanager_notifications_failed_total|alertmanager_notifications_total|alertmanager_oversize_gossip_message_duration_seconds_bucket|alertmanager_oversize_gossip_message_duration_seconds_count|alertmanager_oversize_gossip_message_duration_seconds_sum|alertmanager_oversized_gossip_message_dropped_total|alertmanager_oversized_gossip_message_failure_total|alertmanager_oversized_gossip_message_sent_total|alertmanager_peer_position|alertmanager_silences|alertmanager_silences_gc_duration_seconds|alertmanager_silences_gc_duration_seconds_count|alertmanager_silences_gc_duration_seconds_sum|alertmanager_silences_gossip_messages_propagated_total|alertmanager_silences_queries_total|alertmanager_silences_query_duration_seconds_bucket|alertmanager_silences_query_duration_seconds_count|alertmanager_silences_query_duration_seconds_sum|alertmanager_silences_query_errors_total|alertmanager_silences_snapshot_duration_seconds|alertmanager_silences_snapshot_duration_seconds_count|alertmanager_silences_snapshot_duration_seconds_sum|alertmanager_silences_snapshot_size_bytes|apiserver_admission_controller_admission_latencies_seconds_bucket|apiserver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let_runtime_operations_latency_microseconds_sum|kubernetes_build_info|net_conntrack_dialer_conn_attempted_total|net_conntrack_dialer_conn_closed_total|net_conntrack_dialer_conn_established_total|net_conntrack_dialer_conn_failed_total|net_conntrack_listener_conn_accepted_total|net_conntrack_listener_conn_closed_total|nginx_ingress_controller_leader_election_status|nginx_ingress_controller_ssl_expire_time_seconds|prometheus_api_remote_read_queries|prometheus_build_info|prometheus_config_last_reload_success_timestamp_seconds|prometheus_config_last_reload_successful|prometheus_engine_queries|prometheus_engine_queries_concurrent_max|prometheus_engine_query_duration_seconds|prometheus_engine_query_duration_seconds_count|prometheus_engine_query_duration_seconds_sum|prometheus_http_request_duration_seconds_bucket|prometheus_http_request_duration_seconds_count|prometheus_http_request_duration_seconds_sum|prometheus_http_response_size_bytes_bucket|prometheus_http_response_size_bytes_count|prometheus_http_response_size_bytes_sum|prometheus_notifications_alertmanagers_discovered|prometheus_notifications_dropped_total|prometheus_notifications_errors_total|prometheus_notifications_latency_seconds|prometheus_notifications_latency_seconds_count|prometheus_notifications_latency_seconds_sum|prometheus_notifications_queue_capacity|prometheus_notifications_queue_length|prometheus_notifications_sent_total|prometheus_operator_node_address_lookup_errors_total|prometheus_operator_reconcile_errors_total|prometheus_operator_spec_replicas|prometheus_operator_triggered_total|prometheus_remote_storage_dropped_samples_total|prometheus_remote_storage_enqueue_retries_total|prometheus_remote_storage_failed_samples_total|prometheus_remote_storage_highest_timestamp_in_seconds|prometheus_remote_storage_pending_samples|prometheus_remote_storage_queue_highest_sent_timestamp_seconds|prometheus_remote_storage_remote_read_queries|prometheus_remote_storage_retried_samples_total|prometheus_remote_storage_samples_in_total|prometheus_remote_storage_sent_batch_duration_seconds_bucket|prometheus_remote_storage_sent_batch_duration_seconds_count|prometheus_remote_storage_sent_batch_duration_seconds_sum|prometheus_remote_storage_shard_capacity|prometheus_remote_storage_shards|prometheus_remote_storage_succeeded_samples_total|prometheus_rule_evaluation_duration_seconds|prometheus_rule_evaluation_duration_seconds_count|prometheus_rule_evaluation_duration_seconds_sum|prometheus_rule_evaluation_failures_total|prometheus_rule_evaluations_total|prometheus_rule_group_duration_seconds|prometheus_rule_group_duration_seconds_count|prometheus_rule_group_duration_seconds_sum|prometheus_rule_group_interval_seconds|prometheus_rule_group_iterations_missed_total|prometheus_rule_group_iterations_total|prometheus_rule_group_last_duration_seconds|prometheus_rule_group_last_evaluation_timestamp_seconds|prometheus_rule_group_rules|prometheus_sd_consul_rpc_duration_seconds_count|prometheus_sd_consul_rpc_duration_seconds_sum|prometheus_sd_consul_rpc_failures_total|prometheus_sd_discovered_targets|prometheus_sd_dns_lookup_failures_total|prometheus_sd_dns_lookups_total|prometheus_sd_file_read_errors_total|prometheus_sd_file_scan_duration_seconds_count|prometheus_sd_file_scan_duration_seconds_sum|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_cache_last_resource_version|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_cache_list_duration_seconds_count|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_cache_list_duration_seconds_sum|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_cache_list_items_count|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_cache_list_items_sum|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_cache_list_total|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_cache_short_watches_total|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_cache_watch_duration_seconds_count|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_cache_watch_duration_seconds_sum|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_cache_watch_events_count|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_cache_watch_events_sum|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_cache_watches_total|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_events_total|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_http_request_duration_seconds_count|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_http_request_duration_seconds_sum|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_http_request_total|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_workqueue_depth|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_workqueue_items_total|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_workqueue_latency_seconds_count|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_workqueue_latency_seconds_sum|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_workqueue_longest_running_processor_seconds|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_workqueue_unfinished_work_seconds|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_workqueue_work_duration_seconds_count|prometheus_sd_kubernetes_workqueue_work_duration_seconds_sum|prometheus_sd_received_updates_total|prometheus_sd_updates_total|prometheus_target_interval_length_seconds|prometheus_target_interval_length_seconds_count|prometheus_target_interval_length_seconds_sum|prometheus_target_scrape_pool_reloads_failed_total|prometheus_target_scrape_pool_reloads_total|prometheus_target_scrape_pool_sync_total|prometheus_target_scrape_pools_failed_total|prometheus_target_scrape_pools_total|prometheus_target_scrapes_cache_flush_forced_total|prometheus_target_scrapes_exceeded_sample_limit_total|prometheus_target_scrapes_sample_duplicate_timestamp_total|prometheus_target_scrapes_sample_out_of_bounds_total|prometheus_target_scrapes_sample_out_of_order_total|prometheus_target_sync_length_seconds|prometheus_target_sync_length_seconds_count|prometheus_target_sync_length_seconds_sum|prometheus_template_text_expansion_failures_total|prometheus_template_text_expansions_total|prometheus_treecache_watcher_goroutines|prometheus_treecache_zookeeper_failures_total|prometheus_tsdb_blocks_loaded|prometheus_tsdb_checkpoint_creations_failed_total|prometheus_tsdb_checkpoint_creations_total|prometheus_tsdb_checkpoint_deletions_failed_total|prometheus_tsdb_checkpoint_deletions_total|prometheus_tsdb_compaction_chunk_range_seconds_bucket|prometheus_tsdb_compaction_chunk_range_seconds_count|prometheus_tsdb_compaction_chunk_range_seconds_sum|prometheus_tsdb_compaction_chunk_samples_bucket|prometheus_tsdb_compaction_chunk_samples_count|prometheus_tsdb_compaction_chunk_samples_sum|prometheus_tsdb_compaction_chunk_size_bytes_bucket|prometheus_tsdb_compaction_chunk_size_bytes_count|prometheus_tsdb_compaction_chunk_size_bytes_sum|prometheus_tsdb_compaction_duration_seconds_bucket|prometheus_tsdb_compaction_duration_seconds_count|prometheus_tsdb_compaction_duration_seconds_sum|prometheus_tsdb_compaction_populating_block|prometheus_tsdb_compactions_failed_total|prometheus_tsdb_compactions_total|prometheus_tsdb_compactions_triggered_total|prometheus_tsdb_head_active_appenders|prometheus_tsdb_head_chunks|prometheus_tsdb_head_chunks_created_total|prometheus_tsdb_head_chunks_removed_total|prometheus_tsdb_head_gc_duration_seconds_count|prometheus_tsdb_head_gc_duration_seconds_sum|prometheus_tsdb_head_max_time|prometheus_tsdb_head_max_time_seconds|prometheus_tsdb_head_min_time|prometheus_tsdb_head_min_time_seconds|prometheus_tsdb_head_samples_appended_total|prometheus_tsdb_head_series|prometheus_tsdb_head_series_created_total|prometheus_tsdb_head_series_not_found_total|prometheus_tsdb_head_series_removed_total|prometheus_tsdb_head_truncations_failed_total|prometheus_tsdb_head_truncations_total|prometheus_tsdb_lowest_timestamp|prometheus_tsdb_lowest_timestamp_seconds|prometheus_tsdb_reloads_failures_total|prometheus_tsdb_reloads_total|prometheus_tsdb_size_retentions_total|prometheus_tsdb_storage_blocks_bytes|prometheus_tsdb_symbol_table_size_bytes|prometheus_tsdb_time_retentions_total|prometheus_tsdb_tombstone_cleanup_seconds_bucket|prometheus_tsdb_tombstone_cleanup_seconds_count|prometheus_tsdb_tombstone_cleanup_seconds_sum|prometheus_tsdb_vertical_compactions_total|prometheus_tsdb_wal_completed_pages_total|prometheus_tsdb_wal_corruptions_total|prometheus_tsdb_wal_fsync_duration_seconds_count|prometheus_tsdb_wal_fsync_duration_seconds_sum|prometheus_tsdb_wal_page_flushes_total|prometheus_tsdb_wal_truncate_duration_seconds_count|prometheus_tsdb_wal_truncate_duration_seconds_sum|prometheus_tsdb_wal_truncations_failed_total|prometheus_tsdb_wal_truncations_total|prometheus_wal_watcher_current_segment|prometheus_wal_watcher_record_decode_failures_total|prometheus_wal_watcher_records_read_total|prometheus_wal_watcher_samples_sent_pre_tailing_total|reflector_items_per_list_count|reflector_items_per_list_sum|reflector_items_per_watch|reflector_items_per_watch_count|reflector_items_per_watch_sum|reflector_last_resource_version|reflector_list_duration_seconds_count|reflector_list_duration_seconds_sum|reflector_lists_total|reflector_short_watches_total|reflector_watch_duration_seconds|reflector_watch_duration_seconds_count|reflector_watch_duration_seconds_sum|reflector_watches_total|rest_client_request_latency_seconds_bucket|rest_client_request_latency_seconds_count|rest_client_request_latency_seconds_sum|ssh_tunnel_open_count|ssh_tunnel_open_fail_count|storage_operation_duration_seconds_bucket|storage_operation_duration_seconds_count|storage_operation_duration_seconds_sum|storage_operation_errors_total|volume_manager_total_volumesapiserver_current_inflight_requests
                sourceLabels:
                - __name__
              ### url格式為https://{project}.{sls-enpoint}/prometheus/{project}/{metricstore}/api/v1/write
              ### {sls-enpoint}為Log Service的Endpoint。更多資訊，請參見服務入口。
              ### {project}和{metricstore}替換為您已建立的Log Service的Project和Metricstore。
              url: https://sls-prometheus-test.cn-beijing.log.aliyuncs.com/prometheus/sls-prometheus-test/prometheus-raw/api/v1/write
                                      

使用Grafana訪問Prometheus資料

1. 登入Grafana。

2. 在左側導覽列，單擊 > Data Sources。

3. 在Data Sources頁簽，單擊Add data source。

4. 單擊Prometheus地區中的Select。

5. 在Settings頁簽中，配置如下參數。

   參數	說明
   Name	配置資料來源名稱，例如Prometheus-01。
   HTTP	URL：Log ServiceMetricStore的URL，格式為https://{project}.{sls-endpoint}/prometheus/{project}/{metricstore}。其中{sls-endpoint}為Log Service的Endpoint。更多資訊，請參見服務入口，{project}和{metricstore}為您已建立的Log Service的Project和Metricstore，請根據實際值替換。例如https://sls-prometheus-test.cn-hangzhou.log.aliyuncs.com/prometheus/sls-prometheus-test/prometheus。 重要 如果您是在阿里雲內網，請優先使用內網網域名稱。 為保證傳輸安全性，請務必使用https。 Whitelisted Cookies：添加訪問白名單，可選。
   Auth	只需開啟Basic auth開關。
   Basic Auth Details	User為阿里雲帳號的AccessKey ID。 Password為阿里雲帳號的AccessKey Secret。 建議您使用僅具備Log ServiceProject唯讀許可權的RAM使用者的AccessKey。更多資訊，請參見授予指定Project唯讀許可權。

6. 單擊Save&Test。

   配置完成後，您可以在Grafana上查看資料儀錶盤。