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    MaxCompute:EXTRACT

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    MaxCompute:EXTRACT

    Last Updated:Jul 21, 2023

    Extracts the date component specified by datepart from a date value specified by date. This function is an additional function of MaxCompute V2.0.

    Syntax

    int extract(<datepart> from date|datetime|timestamp <date>)

    Parameters

    • datepart: required. A value that can be set to YEAR, MONTH, DAY, HOUR, or MINUTE.

    • date: required. A date value of the DATE, DATETIME, TIMESTAMP, or STRING type. The value is in the yyyy-mm-dd, yyyy-mm-dd hh:mi:ss, or yyyy-mm-dd hh:mi:ss.ff3 format. If the value is of the STRING type, the value must include at least the yyyy-mm-dd part and must not contain extra strings.

    Return value

    A value of the INT type is returned. The return value varies based on the following rules:

    • If the value of datepart is not YEAR, MONTH, DAY, HOUR, or MINUTE, an error is returned.

    • If the value of datepart is null, an error is returned.

    • If the value of date is not of the DATE, DATETIME, TIMESTAMP, or STRING type or is null, null is returned.

    Sample data

    This section provides sample source data for you to understand how to use date functions. In this topic, a table named mf_date_fun_t is created and data is inserted into the table. Sample statements: 

    create table if not exists mf_date_fun_t(
    id      int,
    date1   date,
    datetime1   datetime,
    timestamp1 timestamp,
    date2   date,
    datetime2   datetime,
    timestamp2 timestamp,
    date3 string,
    date4 bigint);
insert into mf_date_fun_t values
(1,DATE'2021-11-29',DATETIME'2021-11-29 00:01:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-01-11 00:00:00.123456789',DATE'2021-10-29',DATETIME'2021-10-29 00:00:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789','2021-11-20',123456780),
(2,DATE'2021-11-28',DATETIME'2021-11-28 00:02:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-02-11 00:00:00.123456789',DATE'2021-10-29',DATETIME'2021-10-29 00:00:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789','2021-11-21',123456781),
(3,DATE'2021-11-27',DATETIME'2021-11-27 00:03:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-03-11 00:00:00.123456789',DATE'2021-10-29',DATETIME'2021-10-29 00:00:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789','2021-11-22',123456782),
(4,DATE'2021-11-26',DATETIME'2021-11-26 00:04:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-04-11 00:00:00.123456789',DATE'2021-10-29',DATETIME'2021-10-29 00:00:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789','2021-11-23',123456783),
(5,DATE'2021-11-25',DATETIME'2021-11-25 00:05:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-05-11 00:00:00.123456789',DATE'2021-10-29',DATETIME'2021-10-29 00:00:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789','2021-11-24',123456784),
(6,DATE'2021-11-24',DATETIME'2021-11-24 00:06:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-06-11 00:00:00.123456789',DATE'2021-10-29',DATETIME'2021-10-29 00:00:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789','2021-11-25',123456785),
(7,DATE'2021-11-23',DATETIME'2021-11-23 00:07:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-07-11 00:00:00.123456789',DATE'2021-10-29',DATETIME'2021-10-29 00:00:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789','2021-11-26',123456786),
(8,DATE'2021-11-22',DATETIME'2021-11-22 00:08:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-08-11 00:00:00.123456789',DATE'2021-10-29',DATETIME'2021-10-29 00:00:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789','2021-11-27',123456787),
(9,DATE'2021-11-21',DATETIME'2021-11-21 00:09:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-09-11 00:00:00.123456789',DATE'2021-10-29',DATETIME'2021-10-29 00:00:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789','2021-11-28',123456788),
(10,DATE'2021-11-20',DATETIME'2021-11-20 00:10:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789',DATE'2021-10-29',DATETIME'2021-10-29 00:00:00',TIMESTAMP'2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789','2021-11-29',123456789);

    Query data from the mf_date_fun_t table. Sample statement:

    select * from mf_date_fun_t;
-- The following result is returned: 
+------+-------+------------+------------+-------+------------+------------+-------+------------+
| id   | date1 | datetime1  | timestamp1 | date2 | datetime2  | timestamp2 | date3 | date4      |
+------+-------+------------+------------+-------+------------+------------+-------+------------+
| 1    | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 00:01:00 | 2021-01-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 00:00:00 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-11-20 | 123456780  |
| 2    | 2021-11-28 | 2021-11-28 00:02:00 | 2021-02-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 00:00:00 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-11-21 | 123456781  |
| 3    | 2021-11-27 | 2021-11-27 00:03:00 | 2021-03-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 00:00:00 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-11-22 | 123456782  |
| 4    | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 00:04:00 | 2021-04-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 00:00:00 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-11-23 | 123456783  |
| 5    | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 00:05:00 | 2021-05-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 00:00:00 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-11-24 | 123456784  |
| 6    | 2021-11-24 | 2021-11-24 00:06:00 | 2021-06-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 00:00:00 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-11-25 | 123456785  |
| 7    | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 00:07:00 | 2021-07-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 00:00:00 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-11-26 | 123456786  |
| 8    | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 00:08:00 | 2021-08-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 00:00:00 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-11-27 | 123456787  |
| 9    | 2021-11-21 | 2021-11-21 00:09:00 | 2021-09-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 00:00:00 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-11-28 | 123456788  |
| 10   | 2021-11-20 | 2021-11-20 00:10:00 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 00:00:00 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021-11-29 | 123456789  |
+------+-------+------------+------------+-------+------------+------------+-------+------------+

    Example: static data

    -- Enable the MaxCompute V2.0 data type edition. Commit this command along with SQL statements. 
set odps.sql.type.system.odps2=true;
select  extract(year from '2019-05-01 11:21:00') year
         ,extract(month from '2019-05-01 11:21:00') month
         ,extract(day from '2019-05-01 11:21:00') day
         ,extract(hour from '2019-05-01 11:21:00') hour
         ,extract(minute from '2019-05-01 11:21:00') minute;
-- The following result is returned: 
+------+-------+------+------+--------+
| year | month | day  | hour | minute |
+------+-------+------+------+--------+
| 2019 | 5     | 1    | 11   | 21     |
+------+-------+------+------+--------+
-- The return value is null. 
select  extract(year from null);

    Example: table data

    Extract the specified date components from date values in the timestamp1 column based on the Sample data. Sample statement: 

    -- Enable the MaxCompute V2.0 data type edition. Commit this command along with SQL statements. 
set odps.sql.type.system.odps2=true;
select timestamp1, extract(year from timestamp1) year, timestamp2, extract(month from timestamp2) month from mf_date_fun_t;

    The following result is returned: 

    +-------------------------------+------+-------------------------------+-------+
| timestamp1                    | year | timestamp2                    | month |
+-------------------------------+------+-------------------------------+-------+
| 2021-01-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 10    |
| 2021-02-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 10    |
| 2021-03-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 10    |
| 2021-04-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 10    |
| 2021-05-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 10    |
| 2021-06-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 10    |
| 2021-07-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 10    |
| 2021-08-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 10    |
| 2021-09-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 10    |
| 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 2021 | 2021-10-11 00:00:00.123456789 | 10    |
+-------------------------------+------+-------------------------------+-------+

    Related functions

    EXTRACT is a date function. For more information about functions related to date computing and conversion, see Date functions.