ApsaraDB for MongoDB:Migrate self-managed databases to Alibaba Cloud by using tools provided by MongoDB

To avoid service disruption, we recommend that you use DTS to migrate self-managed MongoDB databases to Alibaba Cloud. For more information, see Migrate a self-managed MongoDB database that uses the replica set architecture to ApsaraDB for MongoDB by using DTS.

For more information about data migration and synchronization solutions, see Overview.

Prerequisites

• mongodump and mongorestore are installed on a different server from the self-managed MongoDB databases, but run the same version as the databases. For more information about the installation procedure, visit Install MongoDB at the MongoDB official website.

  Note

  You can also run the mongodump and mongorestore commands on the server where the self-managed MongoDB databases reside.

• The storage capacity of the destination replica set instance is greater than the occupied storage space of the self-managed MongoDB databases. If the storage capacity is insufficient, you can upgrade the instance. For more information, see Overview.

Precautions

• This is full data migration. To ensure data consistency, we recommend that you stop writing data to the self-managed MongoDB databases before you migrate data.

• If you have run the mongodump command to back up a self-managed MongoDB database, move the backup files in the dump folder to another directory and make sure that the dump folder is empty. If it is not empty, its historical backup files are overwritten the next time you back up a database.

• Run the mongodump and mongorestore commands on the servers. Do not run these commands on the mongo shell.

Step 1: Back up the self-managed MongoDB databases

1. On the server where the self-managed MongoDB databases reside, run the following command to back up all the databases:

   mongodump --host <mongodb_host> --port <port>  -u <username>  --authenticationDatabase  <database>

   Note

   • <mongodb_host>: the address of the server where the self-managed MongoDB databases reside. In this case, enter 127.0.0.1.

   • <port>: the service port of the self-managed MongoDB databases. The default value is 27017.

   • <username>: the account used to log on to the self-managed MongoDB database. In examples of this topic, the test account is used.

   • <database>: the name of the database corresponding to the username if authentication is enabled.

   Example:

   mongodump --host 127.0.0.1 --port 27017 -u test --authenticationDatabase admin

2. When Enter password: is displayed, enter the password of the database user and press Enter. The data backup operation starts.

   Note

   The password characters are masked when you enter the password.

Wait till the data backup is complete. The data of the self-managed MongoDB databases is backed up to the dump folder of the directory where you run this command.

Step 2: Migrate data to the destination replica set instance

1. Obtain the public or internal connection string of the primary node in the destination replica set instance. For more information, see Overview of replica set instance connections.

   Note

   You must manually apply for a public endpoint. For more information, see Apply for a public endpoint for a sharded cluster instance.

2. Add the IP address of the server where the self-managed MongoDB databases reside to a whitelist of the destination replica set instance. For more information, see Configure a whitelist for a replica set instance.

   Note

   • If you want to connect to a replica set instance over an internal network, you must add the private IP address of the ECS instance where the self-managed MongoDB databases reside to a whitelist of the replica set instance.

   • If you want to connect to a replica set instance over the Internet, you must add the public IP address of the server where the self-managed MongoDB databases reside to a whitelist of the replica set instance.

3. On the server where the self-managed MongoDB databases reside, run the following command to restore all the backup files to the destination replica set instance:

   mongorestore --host <Primary_host>  -u <username> --authenticationDatabase <database> <Backup directory>

   Note

   • <Primary_host>: the connection string of the primary node in the destination replica set instance.

   • <username>: the account used to log on to a database of the destination replica set instance. The initial account is root.

   • <database>: the name of the database corresponding to the username if authentication is enabled. If the username is root, enter admin.

   • <Backup directory>: the directory where the backup files are stored. The default value is dump.

   Example:

   The database account is test and the database is admin.

   mongorestore --host dds-bp19f409d7512****-pub.mongodb.rds.aliyuncs.com:3717 -u test --authenticationDatabase admin dump

4. When Enter password: is displayed, enter the password of the database account and press Enter. The data restoration operation starts.

   Note

   The password characters are masked when you enter the password.

After data restoration is complete, switch over your business to the destination replica set instance. We recommend you perform the switchover during off-peak hours to minimize impact on your business.