Install Docker and use the Container Registry repository - Elastic Compute Service

Docker is an open platform on which you can develop, publish, and run applications. This topic describes how to install and use Docker on an Elastic Compute Service (ECS) instance.

Install Docker

Alibaba Cloud Linux 3

Before you install the latest version of Docker, run the docker -v command to query the current Docker version. If the command output indicates that the command is unavailable, Docker is not installed. If you installed an earlier version of Docker, you must first uninstall Docker and related components.

Uninstall an earlier version of Docker

Run the following command to uninstall the earlier version of Docker and related software packages. This command allows you to uninstall all Docker-related programs.
Note
If the system prompts that specific software packages that you want to remove are not installed, you did not install the software packages.
```
sudo dnf -y remove \
docker-ce \
containerd.io \
docker-ce-rootless-extras \
docker-buildx-plugin \
docker-ce-cli \
docker-compose-plugin
```
Manually delete Docker-related data. Docker data is stored in the /var/lib/docker/ directory. When Docker is uninstalled, information about images, containers, volumes, and networks is not automatically deleted. If you do not require specific data, manually delete the data.
Run the following command to remove Docker-related sources:
```
sudo rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/docker*.repo
```

Update your package management tool.
```
sudo dnf -y update
```
Add an Alibaba Cloud repository to your ECS instance. The repository contains the Docker software package, which allows you to run commands to install and update Docker.
Important
If you skip this step, you may fail to install Docker due to network reasons.
- If your ECS instance can access the Internet, run the following command:
```
sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
```
- If your ECS instance cannot access the Internet, use the virtual private cloud (VPC) endpoint and run the following commands:
```
sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
sudo sed -i 's|https://mirrors.aliyun.com|http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
```
Install the Dandified YUM (DNF) repository plug-in that is exclusive to Alibaba Cloud Linux 3.
```
sudo dnf -y install dnf-plugin-releasever-adapter --repo alinux3-plus
```
Install the Docker Community Edition (Docker-CE), the containerd.io container runtime, and the Docker Build and Compose plug-ins.
Note
When you use the Docker Compose plug-in, do not enter a hyphen (-) between docker and compose in a command. Sample command: docker compose version.
```
sudo dnf -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
```
Start Docker and configure the Docker daemon to start on system startup. This ensures that the Docker service automatically starts every time the system starts.
Note
If an error occurs when you run the systemctl command, troubleshoot the error. For more information, see What do I do if an error occurs when I run the systemctl command on a Linux instance?
```
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
```
Query the Docker version to check whether Docker is installed.
```
sudo docker -v
```
If the following command output is returned, Docker is installed on the ECS instance.

Alibaba Cloud Linux 2

Uninstall an earlier version of Docker

Run the following command to uninstall the earlier version of Docker and related software packages. This command allows you to uninstall all Docker-related programs.
Note
If the system prompts that specific software packages that you want to remove are not installed, you did not install the software packages.
```
sudo yum -y remove \
docker-ce \
containerd.io \
docker-ce-rootless-extras \
docker-buildx-plugin \
docker-ce-cli \
docker-compose-plugin
```
Manually delete Docker-related data. Docker data is stored in the /var/lib/docker/ directory. When Docker is uninstalled, information about images, containers, volumes, and networks is not automatically deleted. If you do not require specific data, manually delete the data.
Run the following command to remove Docker-related sources:
```
sudo rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/docker*.repo
```

Update your package management tool.
```
sudo yum -y update
```
Add an Alibaba Cloud repository to your ECS instance. The repository contains the Docker software package, which allows you to run commands to install and update Docker.
Important
If you skip this step, you may fail to install Docker due to network reasons.
- If your ECS instance can access the Internet, run the following command:
```
sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
```
- If your ECS instance cannot access the Internet, use the virtual private cloud (VPC) endpoint and run the following commands:
```
sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
sudo sed -i 's|https://mirrors.aliyun.com|http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
```
Install the Yellowdog Updater Modified (YUM) repository plug-in that is exclusive to Alibaba Cloud Linux 2.
```
sudo yum install yum-plugin-releasever-adapter --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=plus
```
Install the Docker Community Edition (Docker-CE), the containerd.io container runtime, and the Docker Build and Compose plug-ins.
Note
When you use the Docker Compose plug-in, do not enter a hyphen (-) between docker and compose in a command. Sample command: docker compose version.
```
sudo yum -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
```
Start Docker and configure the Docker daemon to start on system startup. This ensures that the Docker service automatically starts every time the system starts.
Note
If an error occurs when you run the systemctl command, troubleshoot the error. For more information, see What do I do if an error occurs when I run the systemctl command on a Linux instance?
```
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
```
Query the Docker version to check whether Docker is installed.
```
sudo docker -v
```
If the following command output is returned, Docker is installed on the ECS instance.

CentOS 7.x

Uninstall an earlier version of Docker

Run the following command to uninstall the earlier version of Docker and related software packages. This command allows you to uninstall all Docker-related programs.
Note
If the system prompts that specific software packages that you want to remove are not installed, you did not install the software packages.
```
sudo yum -y remove \
docker-ce \
containerd.io \
docker-ce-rootless-extras \
docker-buildx-plugin \
docker-ce-cli \
docker-compose-plugin
```
Manually delete Docker-related data. Docker data is stored in the /var/lib/docker/ directory. When Docker is uninstalled, information about images, containers, volumes, and networks is not automatically deleted. If you do not require specific data, manually delete the data.
Run the following command to remove Docker-related sources:
```
sudo rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/docker*.repo
```

Update your package management tool.
```
sudo yum -y update
```
Add an Alibaba Cloud repository to your ECS instance. The repository contains the Docker software package, which allows you to run commands to install and update Docker.
Important
If you skip this step, you may fail to install Docker due to network reasons.
- If your ECS instance can access the Internet, run the following command:
```
sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
```
- If your ECS instance cannot access the Internet, use the virtual private cloud (VPC) endpoint and run the following commands:
```
sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
sudo sed -i 's|https://mirrors.aliyun.com|http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
```
Install the Docker Community Edition (Docker-CE), the containerd.io container runtime, and the Docker Build and Compose plug-ins.
Note
When you use the Docker Compose plug-in, do not enter a hyphen (-) between docker and compose in a command. Sample command: docker compose version.
```
sudo yum -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
```
Start Docker and configure the Docker daemon to start on system startup. This ensures that the Docker service automatically starts every time the system starts.
Note
If an error occurs when you run the systemctl command, troubleshoot the error. For more information, see What do I do if an error occurs when I run the systemctl command on a Linux instance?
```
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
```
Query the Docker version to check whether Docker is installed.
```
sudo docker -v
```
If the following command output is returned, Docker is installed on the ECS instance.

CentOS 8.x

Uninstall an earlier version of Docker

Run the following command to uninstall the earlier version of Docker and related software packages. This command allows you to uninstall all Docker-related programs.
Note
If the system prompts that specific software packages that you want to remove are not installed, you did not install the software packages.
```
sudo dnf -y remove \
docker-ce \
containerd.io \
docker-ce-rootless-extras \
docker-buildx-plugin \
docker-ce-cli \
docker-compose-plugin
```
Manually delete Docker-related data. Docker data is stored in the /var/lib/docker/ directory. When Docker is uninstalled, information about images, containers, volumes, and networks is not automatically deleted. If you do not require specific data, manually delete the data.
Run the following command to remove Docker-related sources:
```
sudo rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/docker*.repo
```

Update your package management tool.
```
sudo dnf -y update
```
Add an Alibaba Cloud repository to your ECS instance. The repository contains the Docker software package, which allows you to run commands to install and update Docker.
Important
If you skip this step, you may fail to install Docker due to network reasons.
- If your ECS instance can access the Internet, run the following command:
```
sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
```
- If your ECS instance cannot access the Internet, use the virtual private cloud (VPC) endpoint and run the following commands:
```
sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
sudo sed -i 's|https://mirrors.aliyun.com|http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
```
Install the Docker Community Edition (Docker-CE), the containerd.io container runtime, and the Docker Build and Compose plug-ins.
Note
When you use the Docker Compose plug-in, do not enter a hyphen (-) between docker and compose in a command. Sample command: docker compose version.
```
sudo dnf -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
```
Start Docker and configure the Docker daemon to start on system startup. This ensures that the Docker service automatically starts every time the system starts.
Note
If an error occurs when you run the systemctl command, troubleshoot the error. For more information, see What do I do if an error occurs when I run the systemctl command on a Linux instance?
```
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
```
Query the Docker version to check whether Docker is installed.
```
sudo docker -v
```
If the following command output is returned, Docker is installed on the ECS instance.

Ubuntu

Uninstall an earlier version of Docker

Run the following command to uninstall the earlier version of Docker and related software packages. This command allows you to uninstall all Docker-related programs.
Note
If the system prompts that specific software packages that you want to remove are not installed, you did not install the software packages.
```
for pkg in docker.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-ce-cli docker-ce-rootless-extras docker-compose-plugin docker-doc docker-compose podman-docker containerd runc; do sudo apt-get remove -y $pkg; done
```
Manually delete Docker-related data. Docker data is stored in the /var/lib/docker/ directory. When Docker is uninstalled, information about images, containers, volumes, and networks is not automatically deleted. If you do not require specific data, manually delete the data.
Run the following command to remove the Docker-related sources:
```
sudo rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*docker*.list
```

Update your package management tool.
```
sudo apt-get update
```

Add an Alibaba Cloud repository to your ECS instance. The repository contains the Docker software package, which allows you to run commands to install and update Docker.

Important

If you skip this step, you may fail to install Docker due to network reasons.

If your ECS instance can access the Internet, run the following command:

sudo apt-get -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
sudo curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository -y "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture)] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

If your ECS instance cannot access the Internet, use the virtual private cloud (VPC) endpoint and run the following commands:

sudo apt-get -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
sudo curl -fsSL http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository -y "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture)] http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

Install the Docker Community Edition (Docker-CE), the containerd.io container runtime, and the Docker Build and Compose plug-ins.
Note
When you use the Docker Compose plug-in, do not enter a hyphen (-) between docker and compose in a command. Sample command: docker compose version.
```
sudo apt-get -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
```
Start Docker and configure the Docker daemon to start on system startup. This ensures that the Docker service automatically starts every time the system starts.
Note
If an error occurs when you run the systemctl command, troubleshoot the error. For more information, see What do I do if an error occurs when I run the systemctl command on a Linux instance?
```
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
```
Query the Docker version to check whether Docker is installed.
```
sudo docker -v
```
If the following command output is returned, Docker is installed on the ECS instance.

Debian

Uninstall an earlier version of Docker

Run the following command to uninstall the earlier version of Docker and related software packages. This command allows you to uninstall all Docker-related programs.
Note
If the system prompts that specific software packages that you want to remove are not installed, you did not install the software packages.
```
for pkg in docker.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-ce-cli docker-ce-rootless-extras docker-compose-plugin docker-doc docker-compose podman-docker containerd runc; do sudo apt-get remove -y $pkg; done
```
Manually delete Docker-related data. Docker data is stored in the /var/lib/docker/ directory. When Docker is uninstalled, information about images, containers, volumes, and networks is not automatically deleted. If you do not require specific data, manually delete the data.
Run the following command to remove the Docker-related sources:
```
sudo rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*docker*.list
```

Update your package management tool.
```
sudo apt-get update
```

Add an Alibaba Cloud repository to your ECS instance. The repository contains the Docker software package, which allows you to run commands to install and update Docker.

Important

If you skip this step, you may fail to install Docker due to network reasons.

If your ECS instance can access the Internet, run the following command:

sudo apt-get -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
sudo curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/debian/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository -y "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture)] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
sudo apt-get update

If your ECS instance cannot access the Internet, use the virtual private cloud (VPC) endpoint and run the following commands:

sudo apt-get -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
sudo curl -fsSL http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/docker-ce/linux/debian/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository -y "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture)] http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/docker-ce/linux/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
sudo apt-get update

Install the Docker Community Edition (Docker-CE), the containerd.io container runtime, and the Docker Build and Compose plug-ins.
Note
When you use the Docker Compose plug-in, do not enter a hyphen (-) between docker and compose in a command. Sample command: docker compose version.
```
sudo apt-get -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
```
Start Docker and configure the Docker daemon to start on system startup. This ensures that the Docker service automatically starts every time the system starts.
Note
If an error occurs when you run the systemctl command, troubleshoot the error. For more information, see What do I do if an error occurs when I run the systemctl command on a Linux instance?
```
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
```
Query the Docker version to check whether Docker is installed.
```
sudo docker -v
```
If the following command output is returned, Docker is installed on the ECS instance.

Fedora

Uninstall an earlier version of Docker

Run the following command to uninstall the earlier version of Docker and related software packages. This command allows you to uninstall all Docker-related programs.
Note
If the system prompts that specific software packages that you want to remove are not installed, you did not install the software packages.
```
sudo dnf -y remove \
docker-ce \
containerd.io \
docker-ce-rootless-extras \
docker-buildx-plugin \
docker-ce-cli \
docker-compose-plugin
```
Manually delete Docker-related data. Docker data is stored in the /var/lib/docker/ directory. When Docker is uninstalled, information about images, containers, volumes, and networks is not automatically deleted. If you do not require specific data, manually delete the data.
Run the following command to remove Docker-related sources:
```
sudo rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/docker*.repo
```

Update your package management tool.
```
sudo dnf -y update
```
Add an Alibaba Cloud repository to your ECS instance. The repository contains the Docker software package, which allows you to run commands to install and update Docker.
Important
If you skip this step, you may fail to install Docker due to network reasons.
- If your ECS instance can access the Internet, run the following command:
```
sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/fedora/docker-ce.repo
```
- If your ECS instance cannot access the Internet, use the virtual private cloud (VPC) endpoint and run the following commands:
```
sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/docker-ce/linux/fedora/docker-ce.repo
sudo sed -i 's|https://mirrors.aliyun.com|http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
```
Install the Docker Community Edition (Docker-CE), the containerd.io container runtime, and the Docker Build and Compose plug-ins.
Note
When you use the Docker Compose plug-in, do not enter a hyphen (-) between docker and compose in a command. Sample command: docker compose version.
```
sudo dnf -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
```
Start Docker and configure the Docker daemon to start on system startup. This ensures that the Docker service automatically starts every time the system starts.
Note
If an error occurs when you run the systemctl command, troubleshoot the error. For more information, see What do I do if an error occurs when I run the systemctl command on a Linux instance?
```
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
```
Query the Docker version to check whether Docker is installed.
```
sudo docker -v
```
If the following command output is returned, Docker is installed on the ECS instance.

Red Hat

Uninstall an earlier version of Docker

Run the following command to uninstall the earlier version of Docker and related software packages. This command allows you to uninstall all Docker-related programs.
Note
If the system prompts that specific software packages that you want to remove are not installed, you did not install the software packages.
```
sudo yum -y remove \
docker-ce \
containerd.io \
docker-ce-rootless-extras \
docker-buildx-plugin \
docker-ce-cli \
docker-compose-plugin
```
Manually delete Docker-related data. Docker data is stored in the /var/lib/docker/ directory. When Docker is uninstalled, information about images, containers, volumes, and networks is not automatically deleted. If you do not require specific data, manually delete the data.
Run the following command to remove Docker-related sources:
```
sudo rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/docker*.repo
```

Update your package management tool.
```
sudo yum -y update
```
Add an Alibaba Cloud repository to your ECS instance. The repository contains the Docker software package, which allows you to run commands to install and update Docker.
Important
If you skip this step, you may fail to install Docker due to network reasons.
- If your ECS instance can access the Internet, run the following command:
```
sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/rhel/docker-ce.repo
```
- If your ECS instance cannot access the Internet, use the virtual private cloud (VPC) endpoint and run the following commands:
```
sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/docker-ce/linux/rhel/docker-ce.repo
sudo sed -i 's|https://mirrors.aliyun.com|http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
```
Install the Docker Community Edition (Docker-CE), the containerd.io container runtime, and the Docker Build and Compose plug-ins.
Note
When you use the Docker Compose plug-in, do not enter a hyphen (-) between docker and compose in a command. Sample command: docker compose version.
```
sudo yum -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
```
Start Docker and configure the Docker daemon to start on system startup. This ensures that the Docker service automatically starts every time the system starts.
Note
If an error occurs when you run the systemctl command, troubleshoot the error. For more information, see What do I do if an error occurs when I run the systemctl command on a Linux instance?
```
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
```
Query the Docker version to check whether Docker is installed.
```
sudo docker -v
```
If the following command output is returned, Docker is installed on the ECS instance.

Anolis OS

Uninstall an earlier version of Docker

Run the following command to uninstall the earlier version of Docker and related software packages. This command allows you to uninstall all Docker-related programs.
Note
If the system prompts that specific software packages that you want to remove are not installed, you did not install the software packages.
```
sudo yum -y remove \
docker-ce \
containerd.io \
docker-ce-rootless-extras \
docker-buildx-plugin \
docker-ce-cli \
docker-compose-plugin
```
Manually delete Docker-related data. Docker data is stored in the /var/lib/docker/ directory. When Docker is uninstalled, information about images, containers, volumes, and networks is not automatically deleted. If you do not require specific data, manually delete the data.
Run the following command to remove Docker-related sources:
```
sudo rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/docker*.repo
```

Update your package management tool.
```
sudo yum -y update
```
Add an Alibaba Cloud repository to your ECS instance. The repository contains the Docker software package, which allows you to run commands to install and update Docker.
Important
If you skip this step, you may fail to install Docker due to network reasons.
- If your ECS instance can access the Internet, run the following command:
```
sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
```
- If your ECS instance cannot access the Internet, use the virtual private cloud (VPC) endpoint and run the following commands:
```
sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
sudo sed -i 's|https://mirrors.aliyun.com|http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
```
Install the Docker Community Edition (Docker-CE), the containerd.io container runtime, and the Docker Build and Compose plug-ins.
Note
When you use the Docker Compose plug-in, do not enter a hyphen (-) between docker and compose in a command. Sample command: docker compose version.
```
sudo yum -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
```
Start Docker and configure the Docker daemon to start on system startup. This ensures that the Docker service automatically starts every time the system starts.
Note
If an error occurs when you run the systemctl command, troubleshoot the error. For more information, see What do I do if an error occurs when I run the systemctl command on a Linux instance?
```
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
```
Query the Docker version to check whether Docker is installed.
```
sudo docker -v
```
If the following command output is returned, Docker is installed on the ECS instance.

Create a simple web application image

The following example describes how to create a simple web application image by using an NGINX image as the base image.

Preparations

On your instance that can access the Internet, run the following docker pull command to obtain the most recent NGINX image:

sudo docker pull nginx:latest

Create an image

Create the Dockerfile file. The Dockerfile file is a special text file that defines how to build a Docker image. In the Dockerfile file, specify a base image for Docker, and specify the software packages to install and settings to configure on the base image.
```
sudo touch Dockerfile
```

Modify the created Dockerfile file by adding content.

FROM nginx:latest
RUN echo 'Hello World!' > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

Use the Dockerfile file to build your image.
```
sudo docker build . -t hello-world:latest
```
Create a container based on your new image and name the container hello-world.
```
sudo docker run -d -p 80:80 --name hello-world hello-world:latest
```
Check whether the image runs as expected. Run the curl http://localhost command. If hello world! is returned, the image runs as expected.

Use Docker Compose

Docker Compose is an open source container orchestration tool developed by the Docker team to define and run multiple containers. In Docker Compose, you use a YAML file to configure the services of your application, run the docker compose command to parse the configurations of the YAML file, and then create and start all services based on the configurations. Docker Compose helps reduce O&M costs and improve deployment efficiency.

For more information about Docker Compose, see Docker Compose.

Install Docker Compose

If you perform the operations described in this topic to install Docker on an ECS instance, the Docker Compose plug-in is automatically installed on the instance. Run the following command to query the version of Docker Compose:

sudo docker compose version

Expected output: Docker Compose version vN.N.N, in which vN.N.N indicates the version of Docker Compose.

If the Docker Compose plug-in is not installed on the ECS instance or you want to use standalone Docker Compose, perform the following steps.

Important

If you use standalone Docker Compose, enter a hyphen (-) between docker and compose in a command. Sample command: docker-compose up.
If you use the Docker Compose plug-in, do not enter a hyphen (-) between docker and compose in a command. Sample command: docker compose up.

Docker Compose plug-in

Install the Docker Compose plug-in.
Note
If an issue occurs when you install the Docker Compose plug-in, you may need to add an Alibaba Cloud repository to your ECS instance. For information about how to add an Alibaba Cloud repository, see Add an Alibaba Cloud repository to your ECS instance.
- Alibaba Cloud Linux 3, CentOS 8.x, or Fedora:
```
sudo dnf -y install docker-compose-plugin
```
- Ubuntu or Debian:
```
sudo apt-get -y install docker-compose-plugin
```
- Alibaba Cloud Linux 2, CentOS 7.x, Red Hat, or Anolis OS:
```
sudo yum -y install docker-compose-plugin
```
Query the version of Docker Compose to check whether the Docker Compose plug-in is installed.
```
sudo docker compose version
```
Expected output: Docker Compose version vN.N.N, in which vN.N.N indicates the version of Docker Compose.

Standalone Docker Compose

Download and install standalone Docker Compose.
Note
When you try to access GitHub, you might encounter problems such as timeouts or connection failures due to network issues. To resolve these problems, try reconnecting several times.
```
curl -SL https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.30.3/docker-compose-linux-x86_64 -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
```
Grant execute permissions on the standalone binary file in the path in which you want to install standalone Docker Compose.
```
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
```
Query the version of Docker Compose to check whether standalone Docker Compose is installed.
Note
If an issue occurs when you run the docker-compose command after standalone Docker Compose is installed, your system environment variables may not include the installation path of standalone Docker Compose. To resolve the issue, you can create a symbolic link to the /usr/bin directory or to another directory included in your environment variables.
```
sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/docker-compose /usr/bin/docker-compose
```
```
sudo docker-compose version
```

Use Docker Compose to deploy applications

This section describes how to use Docker Compose to deploy WordPress.

Run the following command to create and edit the docker-compose.yaml file:
```
sudo vim docker-compose.yaml
```

Press the I key to enter Insert mode and add the following content to the file to define WordPress and MySQL services:

version: '3.1'

services:
  wordpress:
    image: wordpress
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "80:80"
    environment:
      WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: db
      WORDPRESS_DB_USER: wordpress
      WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: 123456
      WORDPRESS_DB_NAME: wordpress
    volumes:
      - wordpress:/var/www/html

  db:
    image: mysql:5.7
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"
    environment:
      MYSQL_DATABASE: wordpress
      MYSQL_USER: wordpress
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: 123456
      MYSQL_RANDOM_ROOT_PASSWORD: '1'
    volumes:
      - db:/var/lib/mysql

volumes:
  wordpress:
  db:

Press the Esc key to exit Insert mode, enter :wq, and then press the Enter key to save and close the file.
Run the following command to start the services:
```
sudo env "PATH=$PATH" docker compose up -d
```
Enter an address in the http://<Public IP address of the ECS instance> format in the address bar of your browser to go to the WordPress configuration page. On the page, you can configure the parameters as prompted to access WordPress.
Note
You must open port 80 in a security group to which the ECS instance belongs. For information about how to open a port in a security group, see Add a security group rule.

FAQ

What do I do if an error occurs when I run the dnf config-manager command on a Linux ECS instance?

Problem description: When you run the dnf config-manager command on a Linux ECS instance, the following error message appears:

/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/dnf/const.py:22: DeprecationWarning: The distutils package is deprecated and slated for removal in Python 3.12. Use setuptools or check PEP 632 for potential alternatives.

Cause: The DNF version is outdated.
Solution: Run the sudo dnf update dnf command to update the DNF package to the latest version and re-install Docker.

What do I do if an error occurs when I run the dnf install docker-ce command on a Linux ECS instance?

Problem description 1: When you run the dnf -y install docker-ce command on a Linux ECS instance, the following error message appears:

(8-9/12): docker-ce-24.0.7-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 38% [================- ] 8.2 MB/s | 38 MB 00:07 ETA
The downloaded packages were saved in cache until the next successful transaction.
You can remove cached packages by executing 'dnf clean packages'.
Error: Error downloading packages:
containerd.io-1.6.26-3.1.el8.x86_64: Cannot download, all mirrors were already tried without success.

Cause: The installation package in the cache is outdated.

Solution: Run the sudo dnf clean packages command to clear the installation package in the cache and re-install Docker.

Problem description 2: When you run the dnf -y install docker-ce command on a Linux ECS instance, the following error messages appear:

CentOS- Base                                                                                                                         0.0  B/s |   0  B     00:30    
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'base':
  - Curl error (6): Couldn't resolve host name for http://mirror.centos.org/os/BaseOS/x86_64/os/repodata/repomd.xml [Could not resolve host: mirror.aliyuncs.com]
  - Curl error (28): Timeout was reached for http://mirror.centos.org/os/BaseOS/x86_64/os/repodata/repomd.xml [Connection timed out after 30000 milliseconds]
  - Curl error (6): Couldn't resolve host name for http://mirror.centos.org/os/BaseOS/x86_64/os/repodata/repomd.xml [Could not resolve host: mirror.cloud.aliyuncs.com]
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'base': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried

Cause: An expired CentOS 8 repository is used.

Solution: Replace the expired CentOS 8 repository with an available repository provided by Alibaba Cloud by performing the following steps:

# Back up the expired repository. 
sudo mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
# Download the CentOS-Base.repo file provided by Alibaba Cloud to the /etc/yum.repos.d/ directory. 
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
# Replace the repository addresses in the Alibaba Cloud repository with repository addresses that are accessible to the ECS instance. 
sudo sed -i 's/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/url_tmp/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo && sudo sed -i 's/mirrors.aliyun.com/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo && sudo sed -i 's/url_tmp/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
# Clear the existing installation package in the cache and generate a new installation package in the cache based on the repository that you specified. 
sudo yum clean all && sudo yum makecache

After you perform the preceding steps, re-install Docker.

Note

If you do not want to use the repository provided by Alibaba Cloud, comment out the unavailable repository addresses in the /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo file and re-install Docker.

References

For information about how to use Docker, see the Docker documentation.
Alibaba Cloud Container Registry releases the artifact center to provide developers with secure and trusted base container images from the Alibaba Cloud website and OpenAnolis community free of charge. For more information, see Overview of the artifact center.
You can use the P2P acceleration feature of Container Registry Enterprise Edition to accelerate image pulling. For more information, see Use the P2P acceleration feature on hosts where Docker is installed.
You can configure the CLI tool in Docker to manage your Alibaba Cloud resources. For more information, see Run Alibaba Cloud CLI in a Docker container.